Combining molecular and imaging metrics in cancer: radiogenomics

Abstract

Background: Radiogenomics is the extension of radiomics through the combination of genetic and radiomic data. Because genetic testing remains expensive, invasive, and time-consuming, and thus unavailable for all patients, radiogenomics may play an important role in providing accurate imaging surrogates which are correlated with genetic expression, thereby serving as a substitute for genetic testing. Main body: In this article, we define the meaning of radiogenomics and the difference between radiomics and radiogenomics. We provide an up-to-date review of the radiomics and radiogenomics literature in oncology, focusing on breast, brain, gynecological, liver, kidney, prostate and lung malignancies. We also discuss the current challenges to radiogenomics analysis. Conclusion: Radiomics and radiogenomics are promising to increase precision in diagnosis, assessment of prognosis, and prediction of treatment response, providing valuable information for patient care throughout the course of the disease, given that this information is easily obtainable with imaging. Larger prospective studies and standardization will be needed to define relevant imaging biomarkers before they can be implemented into the clinical workflow.

Integrative radiogenomics for virtual biopsy and treatment monitoring in ovarian cancer

“…Similar radiogenomic associations have also been reported for other cancer types and imaging modalities such as MRI (glioblastoma [57,58], oligodendrogliomas [59] and breast cancer [60,61]), CT (lung cancer [62], lung adenocarcinoma [63] and hepatocellular carcinoma [64]) and PET (non-small cell lung cancer [65,66] and lymphoma [67]). Several reviews have already comprehensively compared these radiogenomic studies and their main limitations [68,69].…”

Preoperative Predicting the WHO/ISUP Nuclear Grade of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma by Computed Tomography-Based Radiomics Features

“…This method uses high-throughput extraction of large numbers of quantitative radiomics features obtained from medical images using advanced mathematical algorithms to determine tumor phenotypes [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Thus, the heterogeneity of the entire tumor volume is assessed compared to biopsies that assess the heterogeneity in a small portion of the tumor and at a single anatomical site [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Several previous studies [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] have shown that radiomics features based on multiphasic multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images perform efficiently in differentiating between high-/low-grade ccRCC tumors.…”

Psychometric analysis of multiple-choice questions in an innovative curriculum in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

“…As it has been observed by many authorities psychometric analysis is an effective tools in in deciding what number of options, keeping questions in bank and comparing students achievement. [ 23 ] Amani et. al.…”

“…(2020) used psychometric analysis to compare quality of MCQs designed by residents in radiology program and that design by teacher. [ 23 ] To ensure fair response from the examinees, many factors should be considered: on the top of these factors is the reliability of the questions and the test, the quality of the questions, the validity of the test and finally the language back ground of the examinee. Psychometric analysis will provide some answers to these questions by tell us how many option is needed for those who uses English as second language and can alert us to possible areas for improvement.…”

“…Psychometric analysis will provide some answers to these questions by tell us how many option is needed for those who uses English as second language and can alert us to possible areas for improvement. [ 23 ] The rational of this study is to through some light across MCQs adopted for assessment as an effective tool, to draw the attention of teachers and administrations to the importance of unflawed MCQs and checking it's psychometric pattern.…”