Combining Phosphate and Bacteria Removal on Chemically Active Filter Membranes Allows Prolonged Storage of Drinking Water

Abstract

A chemically active filtration membrane with incorporated lanthanum oxide nanoparticles enables the removal of bacteria and phosphate at the same time and thus provides a simple device for preparation of drinking water and subsequent safe storage without using any kind of disinfectants.

Highly Efficient Phosphate Scavenger Based on Well-Dispersed La(OH)3 Nanorods in Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers for Nutrient-Starvation Antibacteria

“…40À44 Among these fabrication methods, the precipitation route concerning the reaction between alkali and La 3þ -containing solution at low temperature was widely applied due to its simplicity, high efficiency, and low cost. 43,45 In general precipitation processes, organic molecular surfactants with growth-controlling and agglomerationinhibiting functions were strictly required to direct the growth of the anisotropic 1D La(OH) 3 . 45,46 In the present work, we developed a facile in situ precipitation without addition of any surfactant by the aid of electrospinning technology.…”

“…1D La(OH) 3 , with outstanding application in catalysis, optical devices, electronics, and magnetic equipment, was rationally synthesized by using hydrothermal method, solvothermal strategy, precipitation, and microwaveassisted routes in recent years. 40À44 Among these fabrication methods, the precipitation route concerning the reaction between alkali and La 3þ -containing solution at low temperature was widely applied due to its simplicity, high efficiency, and low cost.…”

“…3 An excessive intake of phosphorus in water bodies spurs abnormal growth of algae and aquatic plants. 13 It is widely accepted that phosphate is the only form of phosphorus that can be directly assimilated by microorganisms, algae, and other planktons.…”

Surface engineering of polymer membranes via mussel-inspired chemistry

“…Furthermore, the membrane surface coupled with specific adsorption [15] or catalytic function [16,17] shows great potentials in advanced technologies for water treatment.…”

Porous Polymer Membranes by Hard Templating – A Review

“…Comparing conventional filters with the lanthanum functionalized ones proved the essential restriction of bacteria regrowth in the filtered water. [169] As not all applications of porous flat sheet membranes can be covered with rigid materials, the extension of the solid salt templating toward soft polymers has been shown. Soft polymers, in the range of shore hardness from about Shore A 50 to 100 (Shore D 0 to 60) are bendable and stretchable.…”