Combining UHF radar wind profiler and microwave radiometer for the estimation of atmospheric humidity profiles

Klaus, V.; Bianco, L.; Gaffard, C.; Matabuena, Monica; Hewison, Tim J.

doi:10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0102

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This has led to an alternative form of the expression of the radar return signal power (for example . This assumption quoted by Hooper and Thomas (1998) where L 0 may depend on N 2 resulting in η proportional to N 4 has given correct results concerning humidity retrieval (Tsuda et al, 2001;Klaus et al, 2006). 3810 V. Klaus: Temperature retrieval with VHF radar Fig.…”

Section: Practical Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature retrieval with VHF radar using combined techniques

Klaus¹

2008

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the practical contribution of a VHF radar to high time resolution automatic temperature profiling both for research and operational applications in the frame of an integrated system of ground-based remote-sensing instruments. Based on the most prominent results already mentioned about this instrumentation, different techniques, related to the temperature data retrieval, are experimentally tested and documented using the INSU/Meteo 45 MHz wind profiler operating at CNRM/Toulouse or during cooperative campaigns. In parallel to the self-sufficient Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS), other approaches, using the Brunt-Vaisala frequency measurements, allow an extension of height coverage up to the higher troposphere and the tropopause. As only temperature gradients can be measured by this way, complementary data from other instruments are desirable. This makes it particularly fitted to an integrated remote-sensing system operating from the ground combining wind profilers with GPS, radiometers, lidar ceilometers and sodars.

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Section: Practical Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature retrieval with VHF radar using combined techniques

Klaus¹

2008

Ann. Geophys.

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“…(12) requires the knowledge of the initial condition q o and of the potential temperature and pressure profiles (or at least an estimation of the air density at the surface to derive the pressure from the temperature profile). As underlined by Klaus et al (2006), the estimation of a single humidity profile requires simultaneous measurements of four data inputs, in addition to the radar measurements.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following Tsuda et al (2001), Furumoto et al (2006), Klaus et al (2006) and Imura et al (2007) used Eq. (12) to compute humidity profiles.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method exploits the clear-air scattering properties of electromagnetic waves, depending on the refractive index and consequently on the thermodynamic properties (pressure, temperature, humidity) of clear air. In addition, most of these authors demonstrated the possibility to retrieve humidity profiles by combining radar measurements with simultaneous measurements from other sensors, i.e., in situ radiosonde observations at a poorer time resolution (Tsuda et al, 2001;Stankov et al, 2003;Furumoto et al, 2006) or remote measurements, such as temperature profiles from a radio acoustic sounding system (RASS; Tsuda et al, 2001), observations from a microwave radiometer profiler (Stankov et al, 1996;Gossard et al, 1998;Bianco et al, 2005;Klaus et al, 2006), precipitable water vapor measurements from a global positioning system (GPS) receiver (Gossard et al, 1999;Imura et al, 2007) or a combination of these measurements. The method was considered to be promising for an operational implementation, providing the benefit of a finer time resolution, compared to the conventional radiosonde observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last 30 years, several authors (Gossard et al, 1982(Gossard et al, , 1998Tsuda et al, 2001;Bianco et al, 2005;Stankov et al, 1996Stankov et al, , 2003Furumoto et al, 2003Furumoto et al, , 2007Klaus et al, 2006;Imura et al, 2007) discussed the possibility of determining the magnitude of the humidity gradient profiles from measurements of zeroth, first and second moments of wind profiler radars (WPR) Doppler spectra in either the ultra high frequency (UHF) or the very high frequency (VHF) range. The method exploits the clear-air scattering properties of electromagnetic waves, depending on the refractive index and consequently on the thermodynamic properties (pressure, temperature, humidity) of clear air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

High-resolution humidity profiles retrieved from wind profiler radar measurements

Saïd

Campistron²,

Girolamo

2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. The retrieval of humidity profiles from wind profiler radars has already been documented in the past 30 years and is known to be neither as straightforward and nor as robust as the retrieval of the wind velocity. The main constraint to retrieve the humidity profile is the necessity to combine measurements from the wind profiler and additional measurements (such as observations from radiosoundings at a coarser time resolution). Furthermore, the method relies on some assumptions and simplifications that restrict the scope of its application. The first objective of this paper is to identify the obstacles and limitations and solve them, or at least define the field of applicability. To improve the method, we propose using the radar capacity to detect transition levels, such as the top level of the boundary layer, marked by a maximum in the radar reflectivity. This forces the humidity profile from the free troposphere and from the boundary layer to coincide at this level, after an optimization of the calibration coefficients, and reduces the error. The resulting mean bias affecting the specific humidity profile never exceeds 0.25 g kg −1 . The second objective is to explore the capability of the algorithm to retrieve the humidity vertical profiles for an operational purpose by comparing the results with observations from a Raman lidar.

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A review of the remote sensing of lower tropospheric thermodynamic profiles and its indispensable role for the understanding and the simulation of water and energy cycles

Wulfmeyer

Hardesty

Turner

et al. 2015

Reviews of Geophysics

199

150

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A review of remote sensing technology for lower tropospheric thermodynamic (TD) profiling is presented with focus on high accuracy and high temporal-vertical resolution. The contributions of these instruments to the understanding of the Earth system are assessed with respect to radiative transfer, land surface-atmosphere feedback, convection initiation, and data assimilation. We demonstrate that for progress in weather and climate research, TD profilers are essential. These observational systems must resolve gradients of humidity and temperature in the stable or unstable atmospheric surface layer close to the ground, in the mixed layer, in the interfacial layer-usually characterized by an inversion-and the lower troposphere. A thorough analysis of the current observing systems is performed revealing significant gaps that must be addressed to fulfill existing needs. We analyze whether current and future passive and active remote sensing systems can close these gaps. A methodological analysis and demonstration of measurement capabilities with respect to bias and precision is executed both for passive and active remote sensing including passive infrared and microwave spectroscopy, the global navigation satellite system, as well as water vapor and temperature Raman lidar and water vapor differential absorption lidar. Whereas passive remote sensing systems are already mature with respect to operational applications, active remote sensing systems require further engineering to become operational in networks. However, active remote sensing systems provide a smaller bias as well as higher temporal and vertical resolutions. For a suitable mesoscale network design, TD profiler system developments should be intensified and dedicated observing system simulation experiments should be performed.

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Combining UHF radar wind profiler and microwave radiometer for the estimation of atmospheric humidity profiles

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Temperature retrieval with VHF radar using combined techniques

Temperature retrieval with VHF radar using combined techniques

High-resolution humidity profiles retrieved from wind profiler radar measurements

A review of the remote sensing of lower tropospheric thermodynamic profiles and its indispensable role for the understanding and the simulation of water and energy cycles

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