Combustion, performance and emissions characteristics of a spark-ignition engine fueled with isopropanol-n-butanol-ethanol and gasoline blends

Li, Yuqiang; Meng, Lei; Nithyanandan, Karthik; Lee, Timothy H.; Lin, Yuan; Lee, Chia Fon F.; Liao, Shengming

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.07.063

Cited by 139 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The pseudo-binary gasoline+alcohol mixtures were prepared at room temperature for various volume fractions, in order to cover the entire composition range. 3 ) 0.7919 0.8034 0.7909 [13] 0.7950 [14] 0.7851 0.7855 [15] 0.7853 [16] 0.8102 0.8101 [17] 0.8097 [13] Dynamic viscosity at 40 o C (mPa•s) 0.3673 0.9081 0.829 [18] 0.837 [19] 1.3236 1.3470 [16] 1.3500 [20] 1.7769 1.7696 [21] Refractive index at 20 o C 1.4520 1.3624 1.362 [22] 1.3766 1.3750 [23] 1.3752 [24] 1.3991 1.3950 [22] 1.3991 [25] The experimental uncertainty in volume fraction was estimated to be less than ±0.002. The mixtures were prepared in airtight narrow-mouth ground glass stoppered bottle, in order to minimize the evaporative losses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bioethanol is currently used as blending component for gasoline in order to reduce pollution from vehicle exhaust gases [1,2]. Other bioalcohols like biopropanol and biobutanol have been received attention due to their advantages over bioethanol: better solubility, less evaporative emissions, combustion efficiency, less flammability and volatility effects, low heating value and reduced corrosion effects [3,4]. Gasoline is a multicomponent system, composed mainly by different hydrocarbon groups: paraffins, naphtenes, olefins and aromatics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the refractive index of gasoline+alcohol pseudo-binary mixtures

Nita

Geacai

Iulian

et al. 2017

Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry

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Abstract. The properties of gasoline change as a result of blending with a bioalcohol, affecting the behavior of the pseudo-binary system. The aim of this paper is to present experimental data of the refractive index for pseudobinary mixtures of a reformate gasoline with ethanol, isopropanol and n-butanol over the entire composition range and for temperature ranging from 293.15 K to 313.15 K. The accuracy of different equations to predict the refractive index of the mixtures was tested. The best prediction accuracy (the lower AAD) corresponded to Eykman and Lorentz-Lorenz mixing rules. A logarithmic equation proposed to correlate the refractive index with composition and temperature of gasoline+alcohol mixtures showed a good accuracy (the absolute average deviation AAD < 0.052%). The deviations in refractive index for investigated systems are negative over the entire composition range and at all investigated temperatures.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the refractive index of gasoline+alcohol pseudo-binary mixtures

Nita

Geacai

Iulian

et al. 2017

Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry

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“…Some authors [3,[17][18][19] have reported studies using gasoline-butanol blends in SIEs. Costagliola et al [17] tested 10% n-butanol (as well as different ethanol contents) in a port-fuel injection (PFI) engine showing similar benefits in CO, HC, and PM emissions as with ethanol, but also similar increases in carbonyl emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Introduce n-Butanol in Gasoline Blends

Lapuerta¹,

Ballesteros²,

Barba³

2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:The use of oxygenated fuels in spark ignition engines (SIEs) has gained increasing attention in the last few years, especially when coming from renewable sources, due to the shortage of fossil fuels and global warming concern. Currently, the main substitute of gasoline is ethanol, which helps to reduce CO and HC emissions but presents a series of drawbacks such as a low heating value and a high hygroscopic tendency, which cause higher fuel consumption and corrosion problems, respectively. This paper shows the most relevant properties when replacing ethanol by renewable n-butanol, which presents a higher heating value and a lower hygroscopic tendency compared to the former. The test matrix carried out for this experimental study includes, on the one hand, ethanol substitution by n-butanol in commercial blends and, on the other hand, either ethanol or gasoline substitution by n-butanol in E85 blends (85% ethanol-15% gasoline by volume). The results show that the substitution of n-butanol by ethanol presents a series of benefits such as a higher heating value and a greater interchangeability with gasoline compared to ethanol, which makes n-butanol a promising fuel for SIEs in commercial blends. However, the use of n-butanol in E85 blends substituting either gasoline or ethanol may cause cold-start problems due to the lower vapor pressure of n-butanol. For this reason, a combined substitution of n-butanol by both gasoline and ethanol is proposed so that n-butanol can be used without start problems.

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“…Several studies have already been performed in order to investigate the use of both types of alcohols in spark-ignited engines, either blended with gasoline [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] or as a neat fuel [22][23][24][25][26]. A review of ethanol/gasoline blends impact on performance and emissions of a spark-ignited engine is given in [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A review of ethanol/gasoline blends impact on performance and emissions of a spark-ignited engine is given in [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] results are given concerning the use of butanol, either blended with gasoline or as a neat fuel, in a spark-ignited engine. By observing these results, it can generally be concluded that the increase in alcohol content in the blend with gasoline, could have a significant impact on engine performance and efficiency only at high alcohol concentrations, if the air-fuel ratio is to be maintained within the same range of values as for the gasoline operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Study of the Effects of Spark Timing on the Performance and Emissions of a Light-Duty Spark Ignited Engine Running under Either Gasoline or Ethanol or Butanol Fuel Operating Modes

Papagiannakis

Rakopoulos

2017

Energies

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Much research is ongoing to find suitable alternate fuels in order to reduce the exhaust emission levels without deteriorating the basic performance characteristics of conventional spark-ignited (SI) engines. One of the methods to achieve the above problem is the use of alcohols as full supplement fuels to normal gasoline. At the same time, many related research studies have shown that the use of alcohols has a negative impact on some basic engine performance characteristics, e.g., brake power output, etc. On the other hand, spark timing is one of the critical engine operating parameters that significantly influences the combustion mechanism inside the combustion chamber of a SI engine. Therefore, the primary objective of the present work is to investigate the effect of spark timing on the performance and emissions characteristics of a conventional, four-stroke, SI engine running under three different fuel operating modes, viz. with conventional gasoline or ethanol or butanol. The specific investigation is conducted by using an in-house, comprehensive, two-zone phenomenological model. The predictive ability of the model is tested against pertinent experimental data and it is found that the computed results are in good agreement with the respective experimental ones. For all test cases examined herein, the results concern basic engine performance characteristics, i.e., cylinder pressure, power output, specific fuel consumption etc., as well as NO and CO emissions. The main objectives of the work were to record and evaluate the impact that spark timing has on the performance characteristics and emitted pollutants of a conventional SI engine, operating under either conventional gasoline or ethanol or butanol fuel operating modes. Moreover, it deals with the determination of an optimum combination between the type of fuel used and the spark timing, so that probable undesirable effects on engine performance characteristics would be avoided. By comparing this investigation results, it is revealed that the use of alcohols as a full substitute fuel of gasoline accompanied with an appropriate alteration of the spark timing, could be a promising solution to improving both the efficiency and environmental behavior of a light-duty, spark-ignited (SI) engine, without causing any harmful problems to the engine operational lifetime. The conclusions from the study may prove valuable for the application of this technological solution to existing conventional SI engines.

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Combustion, performance and emissions characteristics of a spark-ignition engine fueled with isopropanol-n-butanol-ethanol and gasoline blends

Cited by 139 publications

References 52 publications

Study of the refractive index of gasoline+alcohol pseudo-binary mixtures

Study of the refractive index of gasoline+alcohol pseudo-binary mixtures

Strategies to Introduce n-Butanol in Gasoline Blends

Theoretical Study of the Effects of Spark Timing on the Performance and Emissions of a Light-Duty Spark Ignited Engine Running under Either Gasoline or Ethanol or Butanol Fuel Operating Modes

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