Comment (1) on “Formation of the Isthmus of Panama” by O’Dea
            <i>et al</i>
            .

Jaramillo, Carlos; Montes, Camilo; Cardona, A.; Silvestro, Daniele; Antonelli, Alexandre; Bacon, Christine D.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602321

Cited by 92 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“… 0–15 Ma: From the Middle Eocene to the Holocene, landmasses had approximately occupied their current position. The Central American Seaway between South America and the Panama Bloc was fully closed by 15–13 Ma (Jaramillo et al., ; Montes et al., ) facilitating biotic interchange between North and South America as shown for wide range of taxonomic groups in Bacon et al. ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Biogeography of endemic seed plant genera in the Caribbean: Did GAARlandia play a role?

Nieto-Blázquez

Antonelli

Roncal

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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The Caribbean archipelago is a region with an extremely complex geological history and an outstanding plant diversity with high levels of endemism. The aim of this study was to better understand the historical assembly and evolution of endemic seed plant genera in the Caribbean, by first determining divergence times of endemic genera to test whether the hypothesized Greater Antilles and Aves Ridge (GAARlandia) land bridge played a role in the archipelago colonization and second by testing South America as the main colonization source as expected by the position of landmasses and recent evidence of an asymmetrical biotic interchange. We reconstructed a dated molecular phylogenetic tree for 625 seed plants including 32 Caribbean endemic genera using Bayesian inference and ten calibrations. To estimate the geographic range of the ancestors of endemic genera, we performed a model selection between a null and two complex biogeographic models that included timeframes based on geological information, dispersal probabilities, and directionality among regions. Crown ages for endemic genera ranged from Early Eocene (53.1 Ma) to Late Pliocene (3.4 Ma). Confidence intervals for divergence times (crown and/or stem ages) of 22 endemic genera occurred within the GAARlandia time frame. Contrary to expectations, the Antilles appears as the main ancestral area for endemic seed plant genera and only five genera had a South American origin. In contrast to patterns shown for vertebrates and other organisms and based on our sampling, we conclude that GAARlandia did not act as a colonization route for plants between South America and the Antilles. Further studies on Caribbean plant dispersal at the species and population levels will be required to reveal finer‐scale biogeographic patterns and mechanisms.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Biogeography of endemic seed plant genera in the Caribbean: Did GAARlandia play a role?

Nieto-Blázquez

Antonelli

Roncal

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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“…13–15 Ma, Montes et al., ), and its complete and final closure in the early Pliocene ( c . 3–4 Ma, Jaramillo et al., ; Leigh, O'Dea, & Vermeij, ; Weir, Bermingham, & Schluter, ). Furthermore, the Andean Cordillera acted as a connecting bridge between northern and southern South America for arctic flora during warm periods (Ball, ; Moore & Chater, ; Vollan, Heide, Lye, & Heun, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the Northern Hemisphere, glacial periods produced the closure of the Bering Strait and the appearance of the Beringian land bridge which connected Asia and North America (Brikiatis, 2014) as a result of ice formation and a drop in sea level (Hopkins, 1972). The connection of North and South America was marked by the formation of the Isthmus of Panama in the late Ma, Montes et al, 2015), and its complete and final closure in the early Pliocene (c. 3-4 Ma, Jaramillo et al, 2017;Leigh, O'Dea, & Vermeij, 2014;Weir, Bermingham, & Schluter, 2009). Furthermore, the Andean Cordillera acted as a connecting bridge between northern and southern South America for arctic flora during warm periods (Ball, 1990;Moore & Chater, 1971;Vollan, Heide, Lye, & Heun, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vicariance versus dispersal across Beringian land bridges to explain circumpolar distribution: A case study in plants with high dispersal potential

Maguilla

Luceño

2018

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim To disentangle the importance of the Beringian land bridges during the Pliocene and Quaternary periods in order to explain the current distribution of circumpolar plants with potential for long‐distance dispersal. Location Circumpolar (Arctic and Antarctic). Methods We sampled all extant species in Carex section Glareosae (26 species and 2 subspecies) and analysed 14 DNA regions, including the nrDNA regions ETS and ITS, three nuclear single‐copy genes (CATP, G3PDH and GZF), and nine cpDNA regions: 5′trnK intron, atpIH, matK, ndhJ‐trnF, psbA‐trnH, rpl32‐trnL, rps16, trnC‐ycf6 and ycf6‐psbM. After testing for outlier proportions, we used Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and a species‐tree approach to infer phylogenetic relationships between species; divergence times were estimated using Beast2. We then performed biogeographical analyses using “BioGeoBEARS” to estimate ancestral areas by means of reticulate models. Finally, lineage through time (LTT) and diversification pattern analyses were performed using Bamm. Results Carex section Glareosae is a monophyletic group that diverged c. 6.56 Ma (4.54–8.51 Ma at 95% highest posterior density interval). We show that within‐area cladogenetic speciation events and anagenetic dispersal (including some vicariance events) play an important role in shaping distribution in species with potential for long‐distance dispersal. Diversification patterns show constant diversification rates over time. Main conclusions The Bering Strait may have played an important role in shaping the current distribution of the species in the section, facilitating dispersal between Asia and North America during glacial periods when the Beringian land bridges were open. Nevertheless, we cannot discount long‐distance dispersal as an alternative major force shaping the species distribution in the section.

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“…This supports the hypothesis that lowland white sand areas may be where many Neotropical lineages first began to diversify(Frasier, Albert, & Struwe, 2008). The timing of this event has been much debated with most recent studies placing it in the early Miocene (e.g.,Montes et al, 2015) that has been supported by studies using dated phylogenies to suggest support for an earlier direct land connection (e.g.,Bacon et al, 2015aBacon et al, , 2015bBacon, Mora, Wagner, & Jaramillo, 2012;De Baets, Antonelli, & Donoghue, 2016;Jaramillo et al, 2017;Smith, Amei, & Klicka, 2012). A dated phylogeny of the families Bromeliaceae and Rapateaceae that are either epiphytic or largely restricted to sandstone substrates indicated that these families first evolved at low elevations in the Guayana Shield before extending their distributions more broadly throughout South America and into Africa(Givnish et al, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

Using dated molecular phylogenies to help reconstruct geological, climatic, and biological history: Examples from Colombia

et al. 2018

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Attempts at historical reconstruction are based on limited data. We are more likely to produce accurate historical reconstructions by utilizing information from diverse sources and pooling data within the relevant research communities which will allow us to build up a moving picture of the geological, climatic, and biological evolution of our planet. We suggest that dated phylogenies of plants can contribute greatly to a better understanding of Earth history. Timing of phylogenetic splits of lowland restricted lineages on either side of the Andes could provide information on the timing of montane uplift and associated climatic changes. The timing of the arrival and diversification of organisms restricted to specific climatic regimes at a particular altitude can provide information on the age at which mountains reached a height adequate for that climate once corrected for global climate changes. As a model for study, we discuss how dated phylogenies in biome rich Colombia may contribute to an understanding of geological and climatic change in north‐western South America. Lowland wet forest restricted lineages separated from the mid‐Miocene, whereas lineages primarily restricted to mid‐altitude cloud forests began to diversify from the mid‐ to late‐Miocene and the majority of high‐altitude Páramo lineages began to diversify during the Pliocene. The age of diversification of altitudinally restricted lineages therefore gives an indication of the age at which particular altitudes may have been reached.

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Comment (1) on “Formation of the Isthmus of Panama” by O’Dea et al .

Abstract: The conclusions of O’Dea et al. on the formation of the Isthmus of Panama are not supported by analysis of the data.

Cited by 92 publications

References 30 publications

Historical Biogeography of endemic seed plant genera in the Caribbean: Did GAARlandia play a role?

Historical Biogeography of endemic seed plant genera in the Caribbean: Did GAARlandia play a role?

Vicariance versus dispersal across Beringian land bridges to explain circumpolar distribution: A case study in plants with high dispersal potential

Using dated molecular phylogenies to help reconstruct geological, climatic, and biological history: Examples from Colombia

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