Comment: future research directions for further analysis of
            <i>Kimberella</i>

Trusler, Peter; Stilwell, Jeffrey D.; Vickers-Rich, P.

doi:10.1144/sp286.13

2007

DOI: 10.1144/sp286.13

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Comment: future research directions for further analysis of Kimberella

Peter Trusler

Jeffrey D. Stilwell

P. Vickers-Rich

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Cited by 3 publications

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“…The retractable anterior end of Kimberella quadrata possessed a peculiar sagittate structure (Fedonkin et al, 2007a;Ivantsov, 2009), which, at least superficially, is remarkably similar to individual representatives of the genera Parvancorina and Temnoxa. In addition, Brachina delicata and Solza margarita should also be evaluated as possible taphomorphs of Kimberella quadrata (Trusler et al, 2007). The term ''Psammocorallia'' refers to benthic organisms in which the lower (aboral) part of the sacciform body is preserved as three-dimensional hemispherical sandstone casts (Seilacher, 1992;Seilacher and Goldring, 1996;Savazzi, 2007Savazzi, , 2012, although it has not been fully resolved how these structures formed (e.g., Jensen, 1997) (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Patterns of Evolution of the Ediacaran Soft-Bodied Biota

2014

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When each of the Avalon-, Ediacara-, and Nama-type fossil assemblages are tracked through geological time, there appear to be changes in species composition and diversity, almost synchronized between different sedimentary environments, allowing a subdivision of the late Ediacaran into the Redkinian, Belomorian and Kotlinian geological time intervals. The Redkinian (580–559 Ma) is characterized by first appearance of both eumetazoan traces and macroscopic organisms (frondomorphs and vendobionts) in a form of Avalon-type communities in the inner shelf environment, whereas coeval Ediacara-type communities remained depauperate. The Belomorian (559–550 Ma) is marked by the advent of eumetazoan burrowing activity in the inner shelf, diversification of frondomorphs, migration of vendobionts from the inner shelf into higher energy environments, and appearance of tribrachiomorphs and bilateralomorphs. Ediacaran organisms formed distinctive ecological associations that coexisted in the low-energy inner shelf (Avalon-type communities), in the wave- and current-agitated shoreface (Ediacara-type communities), and in the high-energy distributary systems (Nama-type communities). The Kotlinian (550–540 Ma) witnessed an expansion of the burrowing activity into wave- and current-agitated shoreface, disappearance of vendobionts, tribrachiomorphs and bilateralomorphs in wave- and current-agitated shoreface, together with a drop in frondomorph diversity. High-energy distributary channel systems of prodeltas served as refugia for Nama-type communities that survived until the end of the Ediacaran and disappeared when the burrowing activity reached high-energy environments. This pattern is interpreted as an expression of ecosystem engineering by eumetazoans, with the Ediacaran organisms being progressively outcompeted by bilaterians.

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confidence: 99%

Patterns of Evolution of the Ediacaran Soft-Bodied Biota

2014

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“…In the absence of preserved evidence for a mineralized or resilient radula in Kimberella, molluscan affinities are uncertain. However, from the taphonomic analysis of their soft parts, extant monoplacophorans (Trusler et al, 2007) and polyplacophorans (Seilacher, 1999) are useful analogues for composite external molds of Kimberella.…”

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Scratch Traces of Large Ediacara Bilaterian Animals

2014

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Ediacara fan-shaped sets of paired scratches Kimberichnus teruzzii from the Ediacara Member of the Rawnsley Quartzite, South Australia, and the White Sea region of Russia, represent the earliest known evidence in the fossil record of feeding traces associated with the responsible bilaterian organism. These feeding patterns exclude arthropod makers and point to the systematic feeding excavation of seafloor microbial mats by large bilaterians of molluscan grade. Since the scratch traces were made into microbial mats, animals could crawl over previous traces without disturbing them. The trace maker is identified as Kimberella quadrata, whose death masks co-occur with the mat excavation traces in both Russia and South Australia. The co-occurrence of animals and their systematic feeding traces in the record of the Ediacara biota supports previous trace fossil evidence that bilaterians existed globally before the Cambrian explosion of life in the ocean.

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Early Molluscan Evolution: Evidence From the Trace Fossil Record

Seilacher

Hagadorn

2010

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For many organisms, chemoreception is critical for activities such as foraging, the detection of potential mates, and the avoidance of possible predators. The spatial pattern of odors, the odor landscape, is a function of the distribution of the odor sources and of fluid dynamics. Microscopic organisms, and probably most infaunal organisms, are in a physical realm where the detection of distant odor sources is controlled by diffusion and movement that takes place in response to chemical gradients. For larger organisms, chemical detection of distant sources is largely controlled by turbulence and thus by spatially and temporally complex odor plumes.An individual-based, spatially explicit movement model allows the examination of the importance of contact and distant chemoreception for foraging movements in spatially heterogeneous and patchy environments. Gain curves allow the importance of sensory range in settings of differing degrees of patchiness to be compared. As patchiness increases, distant chemoreception becomes increasingly important for efficient foraging.Movement patterns within patches are different from those between patches. The spatial distribution of resources, therefore, should be a major control of trace geometry.During the Ediacaran-Cambrian interval, the spatial complexity and patchiness of the marine odor landscape may have increased due to disruption of Neoproterozoicstyle microbially bound substrates and the packaging of biomass into spatially discrete carcasses and fecal pellets. At the same time, larger and non-infaunal mobile bilaterians would have entered a fluid regime dominated by turbulence. These changes may be partially responsible for the evolution of external bilateral sensory organs.

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Comment: future research directions for further analysis of Kimberella

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Patterns of Evolution of the Ediacaran Soft-Bodied Biota

Patterns of Evolution of the Ediacaran Soft-Bodied Biota

Scratch Traces of Large Ediacara Bilaterian Animals

Early Molluscan Evolution: Evidence From the Trace Fossil Record

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