Commentary: Metacognition and Perspective-Taking in Alzheimer's Disease: A Mini-Review

Morese, Rosalba; Stanziano, Mario; Palermo, Sara

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02010

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…To understand PD non-motor symptoms, we can allow a multidimensional and personalized approach to patients aimed at enhancing the quality of life (Morese et al, 2018 ). ICBs—in terms of response-inhibition—has been widely studied applying functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) Go/NoGo paradigm (Braver et al, 2001 ; Palermo et al, 2018a , b ; Gao et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social behaviors arise from “cooperation” which represents a distinctive ability of human beings: that is, the process of individuals and groups acting for their mutual benefit. Cooperation played an important role in the evolution of human social life, allowing the organization in social groups through the creation of social norms (Fehr and Schmidt, 1999 ; Fehr and Gächter, 2000 , 2002 ; Tomasello, 2009 ; Boyd et al, 2010 ; Morese et al, 2018 ). Joining social groups, respecting their own social norms, has ensured a greater survival in evolutionary history compared to a life in solitude and isolation.…”

Section: Altruistic Punishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altruistic Punishment and Impulsivity in Parkinson’s Disease: A Social Neuroscience Perspective

Morese

Palermo

2020

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are of increasing interest in clinical and psychological research. Disinhibition—the inability to inhibit inappropriate behavior—leads to social and emotional impairments, including impulsive behavior and disregard for social conventions and decision-making behavior. In recent years, the latter has been investigated using economic exchanges during social interactions. Altruistic punishment—to punish someone who violates group norms even if it foresees a personal cost—is one of the most useful and fruitful paradigms; it allows to maintain a cooperation system within social groups. Alterations of this cognitive ability negatively impact the quality of life of the individual and social stability. Social neuroscience has suggested association between impulsive behaviors and altruistic punishment. Neuroimaging research aimed at exploring functional networks and intrinsic functional connectivity went in this direction. To date, little is known about these issues in neurodegenerative diseases such as PD. Dopamine replacement treatment and dopamine-agonists have been associated with impulse-control disorder and impulsive-compulsive behavior able to affect social decision-making. Frontal-executive dysfunction determines an alteration of social functioning through a mechanism of subversion of online action-monitoring, which associates disinhibition with volition. Genetic polymorphisms, alterations of the nigro-striatal substance, and impairment in the medial prefrontal cortex and in the Default mode network (DMN) seem to be able to explain these mechanisms. This theoretical perspective article aims to present these topics in order to encourage an interdisciplinary discussion capable of generating new research and developing rehabilitative intervention to improve social decision-making in PD patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Altruistic Punishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altruistic Punishment and Impulsivity in Parkinson’s Disease: A Social Neuroscience Perspective

Morese

Palermo

2020

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…A further factor-associated with the previous ones-which significantly impacts on adherence to treatment is a reduction in self-awareness (85,86). Reduced self-awareness has been found to be associated with a decline in help-seeking behavior and compliance with medical treatment, presumably because of a reduction in motivation (85). In particular, the uptake of influenza vaccines has been found to be largely driven by the risk perception of the disease (87).…”

Section: Frailty and Adherence To Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ISS report -based on available data on April 13th, 2020 (18,641 deaths)-warned that the mean age of patients dying for SARS-CoV-2 infection was 79 years (median 80, range 5-100, IQR [73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86]. Women dying for SARS-CoV-2 infection had an older age than men (median age women 83-median age men 79).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19 Pandemic: Maximizing Future Vaccination Treatments Considering Aging and Frailty

Palermo

2020

Front. Med.

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The COVID-19 pandemic is proving to be a multiplier of inequalities. Especially toward the elderly population. A voiceless scream that comes from geriatrics, nursing homes, hospices from all over Italy. They call it the silent massacre: from North to South, the bulletin of coronavirus positive-or already deceased-elderly people continues to grow exponentially without a chance to counter it. Population aging and chronicity are a question that needs to be addressed. Frailty is the most challenging expression of population aging, with major consequences for public health and clinical practice. It is a geriatric syndrome which consists in a state of higher vulnerability to stressors attributed to a lower homeostatic reserve due to an age-related multisystem physiological change. People over 60, and especially over 80, are particularly vulnerable to severe or fatal infection. Moreover, the age-related dysregulation of the immune system in the elderly (i.e., immunosenescence and inflammaging) results in poorer responses to vaccination. Physical frailty is an effective health indicator and it has previously shown to predict the response to the seasonal flu vaccine. These findings suggest that assessing frailty in the elderly may identify those who are less likely to respond to immunization and be at higher risk for COVID-19 and its complications. Moreover, cognitive frailty and neurocognitive disorders, mental health and reduced awareness of illness negatively impact on adherence to complex medication regimens among elderly patients. A worldwide research and development blueprint have been initiated to accelerate the development of vaccines and therapeutics for the COVID-19 outbreak. Considered the above, I suggest the importance to consider aging in thinking about future Civud-19 vaccination and treatment, focusing on the possible impact of physical and cognitive frailty.

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“…Based on the framework developed by Stuss and Anderson (2004) to understand the structure of consciousness, Morese et al (2018) pointed to the differences between the notions of anosognosia and self-awareness. The authors explain that awareness follows a hierarchical organization in which anosognosia is related to lower levels and self-awareness to higher levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response: Commentary: Metacognition and Perspective-Taking in Alzheimer's Disease: A Mini-Review

2020

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Commentary: Metacognition and Perspective-Taking in Alzheimer's Disease: A Mini-Review

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Altruistic Punishment and Impulsivity in Parkinson’s Disease: A Social Neuroscience Perspective

Altruistic Punishment and Impulsivity in Parkinson’s Disease: A Social Neuroscience Perspective

Covid-19 Pandemic: Maximizing Future Vaccination Treatments Considering Aging and Frailty

Response: Commentary: Metacognition and Perspective-Taking in Alzheimer's Disease: A Mini-Review

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