Commercial Pollination of Apple Orchards: Val di Non Case Study

Abstract

This chapter presents the results of a survey conducted in spring 2019 within the beekeepers who rent their colonies for the pollination of apple orchards in Val di Non, an alpine area in North Italy. The commercial pollination of apple orchards in this area is managed in an associated form by their cooperatives. The survey, carried out in collaboration with the local farmer cooperatives, submitted to the beekeepers a questionnaire containing questions on the economic and apidological aspects of their migratory beekeeping. The answers, referring to 43 questionnaires, show that beekeepers mostly: plan the migration itinerary at the beginning of the year; proceed to balance the colonies of honey bees before the pollination of the apple orchards; believe that the strength of the colonies must affect the pollination fee paid by the farmers and that the concentration of the colonies for the pollination of crops is not a relevant factor in the spread of bee diseases. The winter losses of honey bee colonies suffered by the responding beekeepers are on average 11.9%. The average cost of feeding the honey bee colony amounts to 19.1 €/colony. Finally, there is a wide interest in beekeepers to ensure the honey bee colonies.

The Honey Bee Apis mellifera: An Insect at the Interface between Human and Ecosystem Health

“…Symmetry is a classical aesthetic principle, and consumers usually prefer to opt for beautiful fruits because they evoke naturalness and seem more appetising and healthier as compared to asymmetric fruits [ 37 ]. Therefore, honey bee colonies are usually placed into large commercial orchards to ensure fruit quality and quantity, even if honey bees do not seem to be the most efficient pollinators of apple flowers [ 38 , 39 ].…”