Common Mental Disorders and Its Socio-Demographic Correlates Among Women Of Reproductive Age In Urban And Rural Area Of Meerut

Abstract

Background: Common Mental disorders are distress states manifesting with anxiety, depressive and unexplained somatic symptoms categorized as ‘neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders’ in ICD-10. These are 2-3 times more common in women than in men and also more in urban area than rural. Women of reproductive age are at higher risk especially those with social disadvantage, low income and low education. Aims & Objectives: To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated socio-demographic factors among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) residing in urban and rural area of Meerut. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done in urban and rural area of Meerut from June 2018 to October 2019. 267 women in reproductive age (15-49years) were interviewed in urban as well as rural area using a predesigned pretested questionnaire regarding socio-demographic profile. Self- Reporting Questionnaire-20 was used to determine presence of common mental disorders. Results: Overall prevalence of common mental disorders among women of reproductive age group was 19.8%(106) with 24.2%(65) in urban and 15.4%(41) in rural area. Statistical analysis revealed that various socio-demographic variables like belonging to urban area (24.2%),being widowed/separated (urban-85.7%;rural-75.0%), belonging to broken family(urban-54.5%%; rural-58.3%), being employed(urban-39.6%;rural-33.3%) and lower socio-economic status(urban-54.5%;rural-40.0%) were significantly associated with presence of common mental disorders. In urban women increasing age was also associated with common mental disorders. Conclusion: The study revealed a high prevalence of common mental disorders in both urban and rural area and a significant association with various socio-demographic variables.

Common Mental Disorders and Their Correlates: A Community-based Survey Among Women in Southern Karnataka, India

“…This is in agreement with the study results of Agarwal et al in Meerut, where 81% of participants belonged to middle class. 14 The prevalence of CMDs in the present study was higher in those with lower literacy levels; however, literacy level was not an independent predictor of CMDs. This finding is consistent with the study done in rural Puducherry by Srinivasan et al where the risk of CMDs was six times higher among women with low literacy.…”

“…7 However, there were contrasting findings in other Indian studies. For example, Sathyanarayana et 13,14,15 These discrepancies in prevalence rates could be attributed to differences in the screening tools used. The current study used PHQ-9 and GAD-7, while the other three studies used Self Reporting Questionnaire-20.…”

“…For example, Sathyanarayana et al in Bengaluru reported a much higher prevalence of 33.5%, Agarwal et al in Meerut found a prevalence of 19.8%, and Fahey et al in rural Gujarat reported a prevalence of 23.8% for CMDs among women. 13 , 14 , 15 These discrepancies in prevalence rates could be attributed to differences in the screening tools used. The current study used PHQ-9 and GAD-7, while the other three studies used Self Reporting Questionnaire-20.…”

Relação entre Transtornos Mentais Comuns e Características Docentes da Educação Básica

“…Em contraponto, a não associação significativa da prevalência de TMC com a variável "geração" contraria os resultados de outros estudos (Carlotto & Câmara, 2015;Johnson et al, 2013;Zaniboni et al, 2013). Da mesma forma, ainda que estudiosos tenham sugerido que a "situação conjugal" pode predizer a incidência de TMC (Agarwal et al, 2020;Bezerra et al, 2021;Habtamu et al, 2022;Rocha et al, 2018;Vaingankar et al, 2020), os dados deste estudo não confirmam que docentes da rede estadual da educação básica do RN que não são casados…”

“…A situação conjugal, ou ainda o estado civil, de um indivíduo pode predizer a incidência de TMC (Agarwal et al, 2020;Habtamu et al, 2022;Rocha et al, 2018). Dados de estudos demonstraram que pessoas; sejam mulheres ou homens; separadas, divorciadas e/ou viúvas (Agarwal et al, 2020;Bezerra et al, 2021;Habtamu et al, 2022) ou mesmo solteiras (Bezerra et al, 2021) foram significativamente associadas com a presença de TMC.…”