Common Structural Details and Deficiencies in Indonesian RC Buildings: Preliminary Report on Field Investigation in Padang City, West Sumatra

Abstract

Significant damage to reinforced concrete buildings by the 2009 Western Sumatera Earthquake revealed that deficiencies in design engineering and/or construction practice existed. This indicated that enforcement of building design codes was lacking. The Indonesian government has updated the building design codes which should have been applied in the construction of new buildings. However, enforcement of these codes on design engineering and/or construction practice in Padang city is not clear. In this study, a field investigation was performed to investigate common structural details and deficiencies in newly constructed multi-story reinforced concrete buildings. The investigation was conducted through visiting building construction sites in Padang city area. This study preliminary reports the investigation results on 39 private buildings and 8 government buildings. The common deficiencies found on the investigated buildings were low material quality, small structural dimensions with light longitudinal reinforcement, insufficient transverse reinforcement with poor details, improper location of lap splice of rebar, lack of hoops inside exterior and interior beam-column joints, and deficient anchorage of beam reinforcement to exterior beam-column joints. These investigation results clarify that enforcement of the latest buildings design codes in design engineering and/or construction practice is still lacking in the investigated area.

Improving integrity of RC beam‐column joints with deficient beam rebar anchorage

“…J2 was a specimen using a plain bar with standard 180 hook as beam longitudinal bars. The existing development length ( ex l d ) was 235 mm, which was much shorter than the required development length (l d ) of 579 mm, as calculated by Equation (4). Figure 4 shows the dimensions and reinforcement details of specimen J1.…”

“…Equations (1) to (4) show the required development length for deformed bar without hooks in tension (l d ) based on the Bangladeshi code 20 (Section 8.2.3), which is similar to that of the ACI code 21 (Section 12.2). Equations (1) to (4) show the required development length for deformed bar without hooks in tension (l d ) based on the Bangladeshi code 20 (Section 8.2.3), which is similar to that of the ACI code 21 (Section 12.2).…”

“…Recent earthquakes in developing countries have revealed that severe damage or collapse of RC buildings is often caused by poor performance of the beam‐column joints with substandard detailing . Additionally, such poorly detailed joints still exist in newly constructed buildings in an area affected by a recent earthquake, as observed in a field survey by two of the authors . Figure (a) shows a collapsed building due to joint failure, in which the beam rebar had a straight anchorage into the exterior beam‐column joints.…”

Analysis Of Use Sea Sand as A Fine Aggregate Replacement To Strong Press Concrete

“…Concrete is a result of mixing cement, water, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate. Aggregate is the most important concrete component, which functions as a filler in a concrete mixture [4] [5]. Looking at several kinds of natural materials that can be used for making concrete, substituting or mixing concrete making such as sea sand are often found in various regions, especially Indonesia.…”

Tinjauan Tipikal Detail Rangka Beton Bertulang Berdasarkan Ketentuan Detailing Sistem Rangka Pemikul Momen Khusus Untuk Bangunan Ruko Bertingkat Dua di Kota Padang

“…Berdasarkan penelitian oleh (Wardi et al, 2018), gedung-gedung yang dibangun di kota Padang pada tahun 2016-2018, masih banyak konstruksi gedung yang kolomnya masih belum memenuhi ketentuan detailing struktur tahan gempa. Hasil penelitian terebut menunjukan sampai saat ini pemahaman terhadap desain struktur tahan gempa di Padang masih rendah.…”