Commonality among Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Sequence Type ST131 Extraintestinal
 Escherichia coli
 Isolates from Humans and Companion Animals in Australia

Platell, Joanne L.; Cobbold, Rowland N.; Johnson, James R.; Heisig, Anke; Heisig, Peter; Clabots, Connie; Kuskowski, Michael A.; Trott, Darren J.

doi:10.1128/aac.00306-11

Cited by 112 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(50 reference statements)

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confidence: 90%

“…DNA amplification and sequencing of QRDRs and PMQR: Mutations in the QRDRs of the gyrA, parC, parE and gyrB genes were detected by direct DNA sequencing of their PCR products, as described in previous studies [27,31]. Nucleotide sequences were determined using a BigDye Terminator v3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit with a 3130 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, U.S.A.).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Companion animals live in close proximity to humans and receive medical treatment more frequently than food-producing animals [23]. Platell et al reported that some fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolates that were derived from companion animals (i.e., dogs and cats) were very similar to the ones found in humans [27].Fluoroquinolones are widely used to treat various bacterial infections in humans and companion animals. E. coli infections, especially urinary tract infections, are frequently treated with fluoroquinolones.…”

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Contribution of the AcrAB-TolC Efflux Pump to High-Level Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Dogs and Humans

Sato

Yokota

Okubo

et al. 2013

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Fluoroquinolone resistance is mainly caused by mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV in Escherichia coli. The AcrAB-TolC efflux pump contributes to resistance against fluoroquinolone and other antimicrobials. In this study, we investigated a high-level mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli that was isolated from human clinical samples and canine fecal samples. E. coli strains with high levels of fluoroquinolone resistance have been found to be frequently resistant to cephalosporins. Strains with high-level fluoroquinolone resistance exhibited lower intracellular enrofloxacin (ENR) concentrations, higher expression of AcrA, and a greater reduction in the fluoroquinolone minimum inhibitory concentration for treatment with an efflux pump inhibitor. The frequency of strains with enhanced ENR resistance selection and the survival rate of E. coli in the presence of ENR in vitro were correlated well with AcrA protein expression levels in the parental strains. These results suggest that AcrAB-TolC efflux pump over-expression is related to high-level fluoroquinolone resistance and the selection of strains with enhanced fluoroquinolone resistance. Antimicrobials that are intended for human use are also used on companion animals. Their excessive and inappropriate administration in animals leads to the generation and spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, which in veterinary medicine represent a potential hazard to human health [1,26,33,36]. Companion animals live in close proximity to humans and receive medical treatment more frequently than food-producing animals [23]. Platell et al. reported that some fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolates that were derived from companion animals (i.e., dogs and cats) were very similar to the ones found in humans [27].Fluoroquinolones are widely used to treat various bacterial infections in humans and companion animals. E. coli infections, especially urinary tract infections, are frequently treated with fluoroquinolones. Thus, fluoroquinolone resistance has increased among clinical isolates of humans and companion animals [7,24]. Previous studies reported that extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are frequently resistant to fluoroquinolone [20,30,32]. Cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones are among the most important antimicrobials that are used on humans and animals, mainly because of their broad-spectrum effectiveness against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, the appearance of fluoroquinolone-and/ or cephalosporin-resistant bacteria is a serious problem in clinical medicine.Fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms are mainly based on chromosomal mutations in the quinolone resistancedetermining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA and gyrB, which encode DNA gyrase subunits, and parC and pare, which encode topoisomerase IV subunits [2,8,11,37]. Resistance to nalidixic acid (NAL) and slightly decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones is attribute...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

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Contribution of the AcrAB-TolC Efflux Pump to High-Level Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Dogs and Humans

Sato

Yokota

Okubo

et al. 2013

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…ST131-B2 strains are of major concern on the global stage as a clonal group that is both virulent and drug-resistant, and capable of causing extraintestinal disease in both humans and animals (Platell et al, 2011a). A single fluoroquinolone-susceptible ST131-B2 isolate was identified, which possessed a comparatively high virulence gene score of eight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One concerning trend documented in recent years has been the increased prevalence of nonsusceptibility to antimicrobials observed in canine urinary tract isolates, in particular to fluoroquinolones, third generation cephalosporins, and clavulanic acid-potentiated β-lactams (Cooke et al, 2002;Mazzuli, 2002;Ball et al, 2008;Sidjabat et al, 2009;Platell et al, 2011a;Hall et al, 2013;Wagner et al, 2014;Chang et al, 2015;Rzewuska et al, 2015). The availability of many of these drugs in oral forms that reach high concentrations in the urine following absorption, along with their efficacy against Gram-negative pathogens in particular, has resulted in their widespread use in companion animals.…”

Section: Observations Of Increasing Antimicrobial Resistance In Caninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing canine urinary tract infection (UTI) using an asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) Escherichia coli strain

Thompson¹

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Bacterial cystitis occurs with reasonable frequency in dogs. Persistent infection and repeated reinfection (recurrent bacterial urinary tract infection, hereafter termed recurrent UTI) is reported less frequently. Recurrent urinary tract infection is predominantly diagnosed in dogs with a predisposing or comorbid condition, and episodes are often subclinical. Escherichia coli is the most frequently cultured species in both uncomplicated bacterial cystitis and recurrent UTI.Antimicrobial therapy limitations and global emergence of bacterial strains that are both virulent and multidrug-resistant (MDR) has led to an urgent requirement for novel control strategies in both companion animals and humans. Escherichia coli strain 83972 has been successfully used to colonise the bladder of humans with recurrent UTI in order to reduce the incidence of subsequent febrile UTI via the process of active bacterial interference. This strategy has not been utilised in dogs to date but may prove an effective alternative to antimicrobial therapy if it can be shown to colonise the bladder of dogs safely and effectively compete with uropathogens.A retrospective study to examine the signalment, infecting strains, presence of clinical signs, and incidence of pyuria in Australian dogs with recurrent urinary tract infection was performed. The findings were similar to those of two large North-American studies with regard to signalment, predisposing or comorbid diseases, bacterial species isolated, and resistance to commonly used oral antimicrobials, although the median age of our dogs was higher at 10 years (7 years in both prior studies). Examination of the E. coli isolates from a subset of nine dogs provided new information on phylogenetic group, virulence gene profiles, haemolytic phenotype, expression of type 1 fimbriae, and sequence type (ST). Phylogenetic groups F and B2 were frequently identified, representing 13/32 (41%) and 8/32 (25%) of isolates respectively, but no phylogroup B2 isolates were MDR, in comparison with phylogroup F isolates, which accounted for 12/16 (75%) MDR isolates. Clonal groups of global importance such as ST131-B2, ST354-F, ST38-D and ST457-F were represented, with possible implications for both companion animal and human health. Of particular concern was the repeated isolation of ST354-F strains from the urine of a paralysed dog over a 3-year period.When competition experiments between E. coli 83972 and a selection of canine uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), including emerging, highly virulent MDR strains with zoonotic potential, were performed in pooled canine urine, E. coli 83972 was largely non-competitive against the canine isolates after 17 hr of incubation. This finding contrasted with the competitive superiority previously exhibited by E. coli 83972 in pooled human urine in competition experiments with human UPEC strains. In 5/10 trials, the E. coli 83972 was not outcompeted in canine urine, iii however, and given that the starting ratio in dogs following prophylactic bladder colonisation would ...

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Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Epidemiology

Boerlin¹,

White²

2013

Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine

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Commonality among Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Sequence Type ST131 Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Isolates from Humans and Companion Animals in Australia

Cited by 112 publications

References 48 publications

Contribution of the AcrAB-TolC Efflux Pump to High-Level Fluoroquinolone Resistance in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated from Dogs and Humans

Contribution of the AcrAB-TolC Efflux Pump to High-Level Fluoroquinolone Resistance in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated from Dogs and Humans

Preventing canine urinary tract infection (UTI) using an asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) Escherichia coli strain

Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Epidemiology

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