Communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformation associated with esophageal atresia and tracheo-esophageal fistula

Abstract

We report on two neonates who had esophageal atresia with a distal tracheo-esophageal fistula (type III) and a second fistula between the distal esophagus and an intralobular sequestrated lung segment. In both patients the bronchopulmonary foregut malformation became evident only when the entire esophagus was in continuity following primary repair and a contrast swallow was performed to evaluate the anastomotic site.

Communicating Bronchopulmonary Foregut Malformations in the Adriamycin‐induced Rat Model of Oesophageal Atresia

“…This is in accordance with our observations of the rat fetuses. Occasional other sites described in humans are the middle and upper oesophagus 13 and biliary system 4 . The association of CBPFM and OA‐TOF is rare in humans, 1 , 2 , 12 but occurs in 30% of rat fetuses with OA‐TOF.…”

“…In communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformations (CBPFM) there is an abnormal congenital communication between the upper gastrointestinal tract, most commonly the oesophagus, and pulmonary tissue, such as an isolated pulmonary segment or ectopic lung. A variety of types of CBPFM have been described 1 –7 . There have also been sporadic reports of the association of CBPFM with oesophageal atresia (OA) and tracheo‐oesophageal fistula (OA‐TOF) 8 –11 .…”

Reimplantation of oesophageal bronchus following a type III oesophageal atresia repair

“…However, an association with a communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (CBPFM) is rare [2]. We report a case of this association.…”

Prenatal diagnosis of esophageal bronchus — first report of a rare foregut malformation in utero

“…Associated anomalies are frequent, with lung lesions including sequestrations and hybrid lesions [5,12] representing the most common associated anomaly, while foregut malformations such as esophageal and duodenal atresia, duodenal stenosis and distal tracheoesophageal fistula occur less frequently [5,[13][14][15]. Congenital defects affecting other organ systems have been described, including congenital heart disease [15,16], pectus excavatum [17] imperforate anus and ambiguous genitalia [14], intestinal malrotation and Meckel's diverticulum [18], facial dysmorphia and occipital meningocele [19] and multiple vertebral and skeletal deformities [14,20].…”