Communication between R&D and its customers — a study of BT Laboratories

Abstract

Aspects of communications between people working in R&D laboratories and their customers in the operating divisions of a company have been analysed, based on a series of in‐depth interviews with people working in British Telecommunications plc (BT) Laboratories. Formal and informal communication channels interact to some extent, and their use is affected substantially by the type of customer for a particular project. Senior managers use informal networks to a greater extent than managers at lower levels, and are more likely to communicate about process rather than project matters.

Optical characterization of Pr3+-doped yttria-stabilized zirconia single crystals

“…Moreover, the branching ratio values of the 3 P 0 → 3 H 5 emissions ͑well resolved in the emission spectra͒ are strongly affected by the ⍀ 5 ͉͗J͉͉U (5) ͉͉JЈ͉͘ 2 product which is not taken into account in this calculation. 35 The agreement is better for the transitions which originate from the 1 D 2 state. The data shown in Table II also indicate that a radiative occupancy of the 1 D 2 level from the 3 P 0 level is not likely to occur.…”

Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Novel Europium(III) Heterocyclic β‐Diketone Complexes with Lewis Bases: Structural Analysis Using the Sparkle/AM1 Model

“…The magnetic dipole allowed 5 D 0 Ǟ 7 F 1 transition was taken as the reference. [30,31] The A RAD values are given by Equation (9) [32] (9) where, λ = 2 and 4, χ is the Lorentz local field correction term that is given by n(n 2 + 2) 2 /9, with a refraction index, n, [ 21] [33] suggesting that dynamic coupling mechanism is quite operative in these complexes. for Y 2 O 3 :Eu).…”

Wet-Chemical Synthesis of Doped Colloidal Nanomaterials: Particles and Fibers of LaPO4:Eu, LaPO4:Ce, and LaPO4:Ce,Tb

“…[13] A few dopants are known, however, where the luminescence spectrum of the dopant ion itself can be used to probe its crystal environment. The most extensively used probe of this kind is the Eu 3+ ion, [28] which shows a luminescence line spectrum which corresponds to transitions within the manifold of f-electron states of europium. The line spectrum of Eu 3+ is relatively easy to analyze since the strongest transitions originate from an energy state that is not split by the crystal field.…”

“…The large number of energy levels is caused by splitting of the 4f 6 configuration of europium due to elec-tron±electron interaction and spin±orbit coupling. Since for lanthanides the spin±orbit coupling is intermediate between Russel±Saunders coupling and j±j coupling, [28] only J (not L and S) can be considered a good quantum number. Nevertheless, we also used 2S+1 L J labels for the higher excited energy states of europium as is often done for simplicity.…”