Communication in Smart Grids: A Comprehensive Review on the Existing and Future Communication and Information Infrastructures

Ghorbanian, Maedeh; Dolatabadi, Sarineh Hacopian; Masjedi, Maryam; Siano, Pierluigi

doi:10.1109/jsyst.2019.2928090

Cited by 99 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…In SGs, the considered communication solutions need to be properly evaluated and chosen in order to be sure they can fulfil all network requirements. Specific aspects have to be considered in this analysis concerning the communication system [ 5 , 28 , 31 , 75 ]: Availability: the system has to be always active and available to all users. The coverage of the communication technology has to be taken into account to allow the SG to cover all users, especially the ones located in rural and remote areas.…”

Section: Internet Of Things In Smart Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Possible Smart Metering System Evolution for Rural and Remote Areas Employing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Internet of Things in Smart Grids

Gaggero

Marchese

Moheddine

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The way of generating and distributing energy throughout the electrical grid to all users is evolving. The concept of Smart Grid (SG) took place to enhance the management of the electrical grid infrastructure and its functionalities from the traditional system to an improved one. To measure the energy consumption of the users is one of these functionalities that, in some countries, has already evolved from a periodical manual consumption reading to a more frequent and automatic one, leading to the concept of Smart Metering (SM). Technology improvement could be applied to the SM systems to allow, on one hand, a more efficient way to collect the energy consumption data of each user, and, on the other hand, a better distribution of the available energy through the infrastructure. Widespread communication solutions based on existing telecommunication infrastructures instead of using ad-hoc ones can be exploited for this purpose. In this paper, we recall the basic elements and the evolution of the SM network architecture focusing on how it could further improve in the near future. We report the main technologies and protocols which can be exploited for the data exchange throughout the infrastructure and the pros and cons of each solution. Finally, we propose an innovative solution as a possible evolution of the SM system. This solution is based on a set of Internet of Things (IoT) communication technologies called Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) which could be employed to improve the performance of the currently used technologies and provide additional functionalities. We also propose the employment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to periodically collect energy consumption data, with evident advantages especially if employed in rural and remote areas. We show some preliminary performance results which allow assessing the feasibility of the proposed approach.

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Section: Internet Of Things In Smart Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Possible Smart Metering System Evolution for Rural and Remote Areas Employing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Internet of Things in Smart Grids

Gaggero

Marchese

Moheddine

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…Mobile networks fulfil the requirement for having wide-area network, while using PLMN avoids the cost of having to roll out a separate network for grid management purposes. Crucially, they also offer a high degree of reliability [3]. However, using a public network means that microgrid management traffic shares the same public mobile network with H2H traffic and MTC traffic from other applications, becoming just another application to be supported by the network, with a particular QoS requirement.…”

Section: Using Lte/5g-based Public Mobile Land Network For Autarkic mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of this paper is to show how 5G/LTE-based PLMNs can provide reliable communications in a microgrid during blackouts. Existing works on reliability of communications in power grids and microgrids do not address communication systems that continue to work with a widespread loss of mains power but assume that mains power is present [2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ensuring Uninterrupted MTC Service Availability during Emergencies Using LTE/5G Public Mobile Land Networks

McKeever

Shrivastava

Rohilla

et al. 2020

Telecom

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During emergencies LTE/5G-based public mobile land networks (PLMNs) restrict network access by normal users, which means a lack of service reliability which limits application of LTE/5G for machine-type communication (MTC) in critical applications, such as power systems This paper shows how existing LTE/5G features can be used to differentiate MTC of devices in a microgrid from other MTC or human-to-human (H2H) communication and ensure that these microgrid devices have service during emergencies, which enables use of LTE/5G communication to co-ordinate the use of distributed energy resources (DER) in microgrids, so that they can autarkically perform blackout recovery of an islanded microgrid. It is shown that this method allows the blackout recovery 100 times faster than with a conventional black start. The microgrid blackout recovery is demonstrated using the LTE/5G PLMN Access Barring feature. The disadvantage of using PLMN-based Access Barring is the need to define two separate PLMNs in one radio cell, which is an inefficient use of radio spectrum. However, this can be avoided by using the Extended Access Class Barring (EAB) override or application-specific congestion control (ACDC) features of the CAT-M1 low-power wide-area MTC technology, which are included in LTE and 5G standards.

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“…In some reports [2]- [4], it is shown that DERs require 99.99% or 99.999 of reliability and several tens milliseconds order of latency as shown in Table 1, because unavailability and large latency may lead instability of the power grid, electric outage and damage on equipment. Therefore, parallel use of commercial mobile networks, the public safety mobile broadband network [5] and utility-owned/controlled private networks are recommended [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Optical Transport Technologies for Centralized Radio Access Network Using Optical Ground Wire

Ikeda

Lim

Nirmalathas

et al. 2020

IEICE Trans. Commun.

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Communication networks for wide-scale distributed energy resources (DERs) including photovoltaics (PVs), wind, storage and battery systems and electric vehicles (EVs) will be indispensable in future power grids. In this paper, we compare optical fronthaul networks using existing optical ground wires (OPGWs) for centralized radio access network (C-RAN) architecture to realize cost effective wireless communication network expansion including low population area. We investigate the applicability of optical data transport technologies of physical layer split (PLS), analog radio-on-fiber (ARoF), and common public radio interface (CPRI). The deployment costs of them are comparatively analyzed. It was shown that physical layer split and analog radio-on-fiber with subcarrier multiplexing (SCM) result in lower cost than other technologies. key words: centralized radio access network (C-RAN), optical ground wire (OPGW), radio on fiber (RoF), smart grid

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Communication in Smart Grids: A Comprehensive Review on the Existing and Future Communication and Information Infrastructures

Cited by 99 publications

References 171 publications

A Possible Smart Metering System Evolution for Rural and Remote Areas Employing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Internet of Things in Smart Grids

A Possible Smart Metering System Evolution for Rural and Remote Areas Employing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Internet of Things in Smart Grids

Ensuring Uninterrupted MTC Service Availability during Emergencies Using LTE/5G Public Mobile Land Networks

Comparison of Optical Transport Technologies for Centralized Radio Access Network Using Optical Ground Wire

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