Communicative Behavior in the Natural Environment

Meadan, Hedda; Halle, James W.; Ostrosky, Michaelene M.; DeStefano, Lizanne

doi:10.1177/1088357607311444

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Such style is thought to minimize potential conflicts and lower the need for request since items are available for the child's use. Therefore, it promotes sharing thoughts using Declaratives (32)(33)(34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pragmatic Profiles of Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder at the Onset of Speech

et al. 2021

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Using speech to communicate pragmatic functions is challenging among individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Given the role language plays in developing everyday skills, we traced the unique pragmatic profile of early words, seeking comparison to typically developing (TD) toddlers at similar lexical stages. Twenty-four mother-toddler dyads participated (9 ASD and 15 TD). Dyads were video recorded when toddlers reached a productive lexicon of 40–70 words. These recordings were captured three times during naturalistic interaction and at two consecutive visits with a 2-month interval. Seven thousand three hundred seventy-six productions were analyzed and classified into four communicative intentions (Declaratives, Requests, Objections, and Non-Communicative speech). ASD toddlers were delayed in the emergence of words compared to TD toddlers, with a greater within-group variability (median 28 months, IQR 24.5–35, median 17 months, IQR 17–18, respectively, p < 0.001). In both groups, the most common communicative intention was Declarative. However, the percentage of Declaratives was higher among TD toddlers across visits compared to ASD toddlers. In both groups, most productions were directed toward the communicative partner, but ASD toddlers used Non-Communicative speech more often than TD peers. Non-Communicative speech gradually decreased over time. We conclude that while TD toddlers begin to talk with an already-established knowledge of the main communicative functions of words, ASD toddlers seem to have only a partial understanding and gradually improve communicative use as they expand their lexicon. These findings bear theoretical and practical implications for early intervention in ASD. We suggest that communicative profiles are affected by individual characteristics and by the interaction style.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pragmatic Profiles of Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder at the Onset of Speech

et al. 2021

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Assessment of distress in young children: A comparison of autistic disorder, developmental delay, and typical development

Esposito

Bornstein

2011

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

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Distress emotions in very young children are manifest in vocal, facial, and bodily cues. Moreover, children with different developmental conditions (i.e. Autistic Disorder- AD, Developmental Delay- DD, Typically Developing- TD) appear to manifest their distress emotions via different channels. To decompose channel of emotional distress display by group, we conducted a study in which video clips of crying of 18 children 18 months of age belonging to three groups (AD, DD, TD) were modified to isolate vocal, facial, or bodily cues, and 42 female adults were asked to judge the distress and typicality (expected normality) of the different stimuli. We find variation in adult judgements of distress and typicality by child group (AD, DD, TD) and by isolated cues (vocal, facial, or body). Although there is some overlap between responses to episodes of crying of children with AD and those with DD, the different cues of crying of children with AD tend to be considered more atypical and distressed than those of the other two groups (DD and TD). Early assessment of different cues of the expression of distress, and more generally of emotional expressivity in a child, may provide useful information for pediatricians and practitioners who are in contact with young children and must make clinical screening decisions. The findings also alert parents of children with AD to important aspects of their cries.

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Comparative Analysis of Crying in Children with Autism, Developmental Delays, and Typical Development

Esposito

2009

Focus Autism Other Dev Disabl

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Crying behavior and mother-infant interactions during episodes of crying were coded using the Cry Observation Codes and then compared for 48 mother-infant dyads of children with autism, children with developmental delays, and typically developing children. At 1 year of age, children who would later be diagnosed with autism showed a different pattern of cry compared to the children in the comparison groups; specifically, their cries had less waveform modulation and more dysphonation. Maternal reactions to the crying of infants later diagnosed with autism were qualitatively different from the responses to cries of the other children of the same age (fewer tactile or vestibular stimulation and more verbal production). Implications of the study are described.

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Communicative Behavior in the Natural Environment

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Pragmatic Profiles of Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder at the Onset of Speech

Pragmatic Profiles of Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder at the Onset of Speech

Assessment of distress in young children: A comparison of autistic disorder, developmental delay, and typical development

Comparative Analysis of Crying in Children with Autism, Developmental Delays, and Typical Development

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