Community-level interventions for improving access to food in low- and middle-income countries

Abstract

To determine the effects of community-level interventions that aim to improve access to nutritious food in LMICs, for both the whole community and for disadvantaged or at-risk individuals or groups within a community, such as infants and children, women, the elderly, the poor, the unemployed, or minority groups. Secondary objectives To determine the features of community-level interventions that enable or impede the effective implementation of these interventions to improve access to food. To identify unintended consequences of interventions to improve access to food. B A C K G R O U N D Description of the condition Food security exists when "all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life" (FAO 2003). When this is not the case, the population is said to be food insecure. Food insecurity and associated undernutrition affect health and socioeconomic development on different levels (Black 2013; Ecker 2012; Victora 2008). For adults it has been associated with increased risk of disability, morbidity and mortality, and with income generating potential (Black 2008, Black 2013, Victora 2008). 1 Community-level interventions for improving access to food in low-and middle-income countries (Protocol)

Individual and community-level factors associated with animal source food consumption among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia: Multilevel mixed effects logistic regression model

“…Long-term strategies like employment schemes, and food for work approaches can aid in increasing diversified diet consumption in the short-term. However, long-term strategies shall be in place along with the short-term approaches in order to expect a lasting result [ 42 , 43 ]. Furthermore, improving quality livestock production can increase access to ASF and consumption can alleviate malnutrition [ 44 ].…”

The impacts of free school lunch policies on adolescent BMI and mental health: Evidence from a natural experiment in South Korea

“… Prencipe et al (2021) , for example, focus on the impact of cash transfers on depressive symptoms of youth aged 14–28 in Tanzania. The meta-analysis by Durao et al (2020) examines how cash transfers help reducing food insecurity in low and middle income countries. It is shown that both conditional and unconditional cash transfers weakly increase the dietary diversity; moreover, unconditional cash transfers weakly increase cognitive ability of children.…”

Interventions to reduce pedestrian road traffic injuries: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials, cluster randomized controlled trials, interrupted time-series, and controlled before-after studies

“…The key to this method involved defining the effect direction for the main effect(s) reported in each included study. Using the guidance cited above, as well as recently published Cochrane systematic reviews [11][12][13], we classified the effect(s) for each intervention category-outcome pair from each included study as one of the following effect directions:…”

“…Green2014 [31] United Kingdom CBA (8) Free bus travel scheme for young people with unlimited free bus travel. Pedestrian injuries 1 Kloeden 2006 [32] Australia CBA (11) Legislation to decrease the speed limit to 50 km/h Pedestrian crashes 1 Kweon 2009 [33] USA u-ITS (25) Motorists stop, rather than yield, for pedestrians at cross walks Pedestrian crashes 1 Novoa 2011 [34] Spain u-ITS (9) Criminalizing traffic offences. Penal code modified to criminalize several traffic offenses.…”