Commuter benefits programs: Impacts on mode choice, VMT, and spillover effects

Shin, Eun Jin

doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.05.001

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In the subset of households used for weekday homebased-work VMT estimation, almost half (45%) made no homebasedwork VMT. To account for the truncation and clustering around zero of these outcome variables, a Tobit model specification was used to estimate total VMT and homebasedwork VMT (Shin 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, work by Clifton et al (2020) suggests that even developments with no off-street parking have development-level impacts on the surrounding neighborhood (including from both personally owned vehicles and car/ride share). Further, Shin (2020) provides evidence that free or subsidized workplace parking is associated with VMT increases that spill over to non-work trips. Moreover, parking provisions are closely tied to the ability to develop density-as Manville et al (2013) discuss, the issues related to redeveloping parking inhibit desires to increase housing and destination accessibility.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Households with constrained off-street parking drive fewer miles

et al. 2022

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Parking supply is one of the most neglected elements of the built environment in travel behavior research, despite evidence linking parking with vehicle use. As transportation impacts of new development are increasingly measured by vehicle miles traveled (VMT), explicitly connecting parking characteristics with vehicle travel is necessary to better inform transportation and land use policy. In this paper, we begin to address this research gap and explore the relationship between constrained parking and household VMT. Utilizing the 2017 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) California add-on sample, we estimate residential parking constraint for households in Los Angeles County. Then, we develop a two-level model framework. Level 1 (Cost) models estimate travel costs, represented by vehicle ownership as a function of parking constraints, the built environment, and demographics. Level 2 (Demand) models regress household-level total and homebased-work VMT on predicted vehicle ownership, controlling for temporal and environmental characteristics. To further explore the relationship between parking and VMT by place type, we applied Level 1 and Level 2 models to develop a suite of scenarios for typical households in Los Angeles County. Our findings support the hypothesis that the built environment (including parking) influences VMT through travel costs (vehicle ownership). Results from scenarios analysis reveal constrained on-site residential parking (< 1 parking space per dwelling unit), accounts for an approximate 10-23 percentage-point decrease in VMT within each place type. Finally, implications for practice and future research are presented.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 97%

Households with constrained off-street parking drive fewer miles

et al. 2022

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“…The BE variables at workplace locations and around the route areas also affect commute durations. Although there exist arguments about the effect sizes of the BE at residences and beyond residential locations (e.g., workplace locations), prior studies have demonstrated that the BE variables at workplace locations affect various commute-related terms, such as modes [ 18 ], distances [ 19 ], vehicle miles traveled [ 20 ], and well-being [ 21 ]. In addition, the BE variables along a route usually trigger various kinds of travel behavior, and their relationships have been confirmed by many prior studies [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the city-level BE generally reflects the characteristics of the BE beyond residential locations (e.g., workplaces and route areas), it is critical to consider the BE at the neighborhood and city levels within a unified framework. Although some recent studies have confirmed that both levels of the BE variables are determinants of travel-related parameters [ 4 , 20 ], prior studies focusing on commute durations have tended to examine the impacts of the BE variables at different levels, separately. Considering the BE at both the neighborhood and city levels within a unified framework can provide further refined implications and avoid biased results, owing to omitting essential variables.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Relationships between Multilevel Built Environments and Commute Durations in Dual-Earner Households: Does Gender Matter?

Wang

Yin

2023

IJERPH

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The links between built environments (BE) and commute durations have been extensively studied. However, relatively few studies have considered the effects of BEs at different spatial levels within a unified framework, or identified the gendered relationships between BEs and commute durations. Using survey data from 3209 household couples in 97 Chinese cities, this study investigates the effects of neighborhood- and city-level BEs on commute durations and the potential differences in these effects between the male and female members of the same household couple. A multi-group generalized multilevel structural equation model is applied to reveal the gendered relationships between neighborhood- and city-level BEs and commute durations. The findings suggest that the BE variables at two levels have significant effects on the commute duration. The mediating roles that the traffic congestion, car ownership, and commuting modes play in linking these BEs and commute durations are confirmed. Both levels of the BE variables are more influential factors for males’ commuting durations. These findings have policy implications for the design of gender-equal transportation systems.

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“…According to some scholars [16], studies on commuting have rarely considered elements other than commuting mode selection and route optimization. For example, scholars [17] combined mobile phone signaling data with point of interest data to propose a method for identifying the service areas of commuter CB and travel demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commuter Bus Operation Rules under Two Traffic Scenarios and Two Weather Conditions: Naturalistic Driving Study on Vehicle Speed and Clearance

Feng

Zhang

Yu³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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This study provides insights into the building of environmentally and socially sustainable and livable cities by investigating commuter buses’ vehicle speed and clearance, considering two traffic scenarios (working days and weekends) and two weather conditions on urban roads. Thirty participants drove ten different routes during natural driving. The drivers were observed under the following traffic conditions: free flow (Grade I), steady flow (Grades II and III), unsteady flow (Grade IV), working days and weekends, and sunny and heavy snow weather. A method for collecting accurate traffic flow data was developed using a radar sensor to measure the real-time distance between vehicles. The real-time vehicle spacing and speed were detected using a radar sensor and a mobile app, respectively. The results showed that speed decreased obviously from 11.2% to 16.5% on working days compared to a similar situation on weekends, especially in heavy snow weather (from 33.8% to 40.7%). The lowest average speed was obtained in the traffic environment Grade IV. Commuter buses maintained a minimum vehicle clearance during working or heavy snow days in traffic environment Grade IV. Policymakers should consider the insights of this study to develop new, dynamic commuter schedules under diverse conditions.

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Commuter benefits programs: Impacts on mode choice, VMT, and spillover effects

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Households with constrained off-street parking drive fewer miles

Households with constrained off-street parking drive fewer miles

Exploring the Relationships between Multilevel Built Environments and Commute Durations in Dual-Earner Households: Does Gender Matter?

Commuter Bus Operation Rules under Two Traffic Scenarios and Two Weather Conditions: Naturalistic Driving Study on Vehicle Speed and Clearance

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