Comorbidity profiles among patients with autoimmune bullous diseases; a retrospective study

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to define the accompanying diseases of patients with autoimmune bullous diseases (ABDs). Methods: One hundred forty-two patients with ABD who were followed up in the dermatology and venereology inpatient clinic of Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital between January 1999 and December 2015 were enrolled in the study. Age, gender, and accompanying diseases of the participants were recorded and compared with the healthy subjects. Results: Eighty patients with pemphigus, 62 patients with pemphigoid, and 217 healthy subjects were included in the study. The pemphigoid group had a statistically significant higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery diseases, cataract, malignancy, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and cerebrovascular events relative to the pemphigus and control groups (p<0.01, p<0.01, p=0.001, p<0.01, p=0.02, p=0.008, p=0.001, p=0.001, and p<0.01, respectively). The prevalence of asthma, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and cataract was higher in the pemphigus group than in the controls (p=0.02, p=0.04, and p=0.02, respectively). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study comparing accompanying diseases between controls and patients with pemphigus and pemphigoid. It is disputable whether the diseases mentioned occur due to some common pathophysiological pathways or coexist just coincidentally. We believe that it is important to evaluate accompanying diseases in patients with ABD.

Association between bullous pemphigoid and psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Of the 282 studies identified, a total of 16 studies with eleven case-control studies [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], three cohort studies [26][27][28], and two studies using both cohort and case-control designs [29,30] involving 637,285 patients met the inclusion criteria. The studies presented the association between BP and psychiatric disorders by reporting the scores of the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale or applying the inpatient hospitalizations, as the case and control group were excluded from the quantitative synthesis [19,20].…”

Relationship between bullous pemphigoid and metabolic syndrome: a 12-year case–control study conducted in China

“…Many previous studies have shown associations between BP and cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting a possible link between BP and MS. During the past decade, a number of case–control studies 9 , 10 , 19 – 22 have shown a strong association between BP and diabetes, whereas others have not. 23 – 28 Similarly, hypertension has been shown to be significantly associated with BP in many case–control studies, 19 – 24 , 29 but not under all circumstances. 9 , 10 , 25 – 27 A few studies have shown a negative association between hyperlipidemia and BP, 24 but others have not shown any relationship.…”

“… 9 , 10 , 25 – 27 A few studies have shown a negative association between hyperlipidemia and BP, 24 but others have not shown any relationship. 19 , 21 In addition, two large population-based studies conducted in the United States showed a significant association between obesity and BP. 10 , 22 However, the use of medication before a diagnosis of BP and the treatment of BP with glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants may confound the relationship between components of MS and BP.…”

“…17,18 BP is considered to be an autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease involving inflammatory responses in the pathogenesis. Many previous studies have shown associations between BP and cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting a possible link between BP and MS. During the past decade, a number of case-control studies 9,10,[19][20][21][22] have shown a strong association between BP and diabetes, whereas others have not. [23][24][25][26][27][28] Similarly, hypertension has been shown to be significantly associated with BP in many case-control studies, [19][20][21][22][23][24]29 but not under all circumstances.…”

Zusammenhang zwischen bullösem Pemphigoid und psychiatrischen Erkrankungen: Eine systematische Übersicht und Metaanalyse

“…Von den 282 identifizierten Studien erfüllten insgesamt 16 Studien, elf Fall-Kontroll-Studien [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], drei Kohortenstudien [26][27][28] und zwei Studien, die sowohl als Kohortenals auch als Fall-Kontroll-Studie konzipiert waren [29,30], mit 637 285 Patienten die Einschlusskriterien. Die Studien beschrieben den Zusammenhang zwischen BP und psychiatrischen Erkrankungen, indem sie die Werte der Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale dokumentierten oder die stationären Klinikaufnahmen anwendeten, wobei die Fall-und Kontrollgruppen von der quantitativen Synthese ausgeschlossen wurden [19,20].…”