Comorbilidad psiquiátrica y valores plasmáticos de 2-acilgliceroles en consumidores de alcohol en tratamiento ambulatorio. Análisis de las diferencias de género

Marchena, Nuria García; Araos, Pedro; Pavón, Francisco Javier; Ponce, G.; Pedraz, María Pilar San Nicolás; Serrano, Antonia; Arias, Francisco; Romero-Sanchiz, Pablo; Suárez, Juan; Pastor, Antoni; Torre, Rafael de la; Torrens, Marta; Rubio, Gabriel; Fonseca, Fernando Rodrı́guez de

doi:10.20882/adicciones.728

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This one-dimensional score is in agreement with DSM-5 criteria [for more details, see Ref. ( 9 , 19 , 20 , 37 )]. For mental comorbidity associated with substance use disorders, we evaluated mood, anxiety, psychotic, eating, personality (borderline and antisocial personality disorders), and early-onset disorders in childhood [conduct disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)].…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Notably, patients seeking treatment for cocaine and alcohol use disorders are frequently affected by lifetime psychiatric comorbidity, mainly mood disorders, anxiety, psychosis, and personality disorders ( 9 , 18 – 20 ). In fact, the diagnosis of various substance use disorders in the same subject (e.g., cocaine and alcohol) is associated with elevated addiction severity, high prevalence of comorbid mental disorders, and difficulty in maintaining abstinence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, a growing body of clinical studies in addicted populations is focused on identifying potential biomarkers related to substance use disorders (addiction severity, psychiatric comorbidity, etc.) and improving the stratification of patients for the use of appropriate behavioral and pharmacological therapies ( 19 , 20 , 31 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Higher Impulsivity As a Distinctive Trait of Severe Cocaine Addiction among Individuals Treated for Cocaine or Alcohol Use Disorders

et al. 2018

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AimsDespite alcohol being the most often used addictive substance among addicted patients, use of other substances such as cocaine has increased over recent years, and the combination of both drugs aggravates health impairment and complicates clinical assessment. The aim of this study is to identify and characterize heterogeneous subgroups of cocaine- and alcohol-addicted patients with common characteristics based on substance use disorders, psychiatric comorbidity and impulsivity.MethodsA total of 214 subjects with cocaine and/or alcohol use disorders were recruited from outpatient treatment programs and clinically assessed. A latent class analysis was used to establish phenotypic categories according to diagnosis of cocaine and alcohol use disorders, mental disorders, and impulsivity scores. Relevant variables were examined in the latent classes (LCs) using correlation and analyses of variance and covariance.ResultsFour LCs of addicted patients were identified: Class 1 (45.3%) formed by alcohol-dependent patients exhibiting lifetime mood disorder diagnosis and mild impulsivity; Class 2 (14%) formed mainly by lifetime cocaine use disorder patients with low probability of comorbid mental disorders and mild impulsivity; Class 3 (10.7%) formed by cocaine use disorder patients with elevated probability to course with lifetime anxiety, early and personality disorders, and greater impulsivity scores; and Class 4 (29.9%) formed mainly by patients with alcohol and cocaine use disorders, with elevated probability in early and personality disorders and elevated impulsivity. Furthermore, there were significant differences among classes in terms of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th Edition-Text Revision criteria for abuse and dependence: Class 3 showed more criteria for cocaine use disorders than other classes, while Class 1 and Class 4 showed more criteria for alcohol use disorders.ConclusionCocaine- and alcohol-addicted patients who were grouped according to diagnosis of substance use disorders, psychiatric comorbidity, and impulsivity show different clinical and sociodemographic variables. Whereas mood and anxiety disorders are more prevalent in alcohol-addicted patients, personality disorders are associated with cocaine use disorders and diagnosis of comorbid substance use disorders. Notably, increased impulsivity is a distinctive characteristic of patients with severe cocaine use disorder and comorbid personality disorders. Psychiatric disorders and impulsivity should be considered for improving the stratification of addicted patients with shared clinical and sociodemographic characteristics to select more appropriate treatments.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Higher Impulsivity As a Distinctive Trait of Severe Cocaine Addiction among Individuals Treated for Cocaine or Alcohol Use Disorders

et al. 2018

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“…In a study of 162 patients with alcohol addiction, the prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders was higher in women (82.5%) than in men (63.9%), with comorbid MD being significantly elevated among the former (67.5% vs. 38.5%). 14 In addition, it was observed that although women start drinking later than men, they take less time to develop dependence symptoms and meet fewer severity criteria than men. In a sample of 55 abstinent cocaine-addicted participants with lifetime cocaine use disorders (15 women and 40 men), women had an increased prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders, with 53.3% of them reporting mood disorders in comparison with 32.5% in men.…”

Section: Dual Depression: An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Depression: A Sex Perspective

Farré

Tirado-Muñoz

Torrens

2017

Addictive Disorders &Amp; Their Treatment

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Mood and substance use disorders (SUDs) are mental conditions that are highly prevalent in the general population. Cooccurrence of major depression and SUD, also known as dual depression, is very common in the field of substance addiction. Sex differences are found in both major depression and SUD. This review, after presenting the state of the art of dual depression as regards prevalence, ethiopathologic mechanisms, and clinical aspects, is focused on dual depression in women. An overview of some potential factors associated with the sex gap in dual depression such as injecting, sexual risk behavior, intimate partner violence, and the reproductive cycle is presented.

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“…Currently, AUD is a single disorder that integrates both alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence and is characterized by compulsive alcohol use, loss of control over alcohol intake, and a negative emotional state emerging in conjunction with withdrawal and protracted abstinence [ 3 – 4 ]. AUD is commonly associated with cognitive and memory impairment during development with a higher incidence of comorbid mental disorders, particularly depression and anxiety [ 5 ], and other organic comorbid diseases (e.g., alcohol liver diseases) [ 3 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased plasma concentrations of BDNF and IGF-1 in abstinent patients with alcohol use disorders

et al. 2017

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The identification of growth factors as potential biomarkers in alcohol addiction may help to understand underlying mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Previous studies have linked growth factors to neural plasticity in neurocognitive impairment and mental disorders. In order to further clarify the impact of chronic alcohol consumption on circulating growth factors, a cross-sectional study was performed in abstinent AUD patients (alcohol group, N = 91) and healthy control subjects (control group, N = 55) to examine plasma concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-1 binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3). The association of these plasma peptides with relevant AUD-related variables and psychiatric comorbidity was explored. The alcohol group was diagnosed with severe AUD and showed an average of 13 years of problematic use and 10 months of abstinence at the moment of participating in the study. Regarding common medical conditions associated with AUD, we observed an elevated incidence of alcohol-induced liver and pancreas diseases (18.7%) and psychiatric comorbidity (76.9%). Thus, AUD patients displayed a high prevalence of dual diagnosis (39.3%) [mainly depression (19.9%)] and comorbid substance use disorders (40.7%). Plasma BDNF and IGF-1 concentrations were significantly lower in the alcohol group than in the control group (p<0.001). Remarkably, there was a negative association between IGF-1 concentrations and age in the control group (r = -0.52, p<0.001) that was not found in the alcohol group. Concerning AUD-related variables, AUD patients with liver and pancreas diseases showed even lower concentrations of BDNF (p<0.05). In contrast, the changes in plasma concentrations of these peptides were not associated with abstinence, problematic use, AUD severity or lifetime psychiatric comorbidity. These results suggest that further research is necessary to elucidate the role of BDNF in alcohol-induced toxicity and the biological significance of the lack of correlation between age and plasma IGF-1 levels in abstinent AUD patients.

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Comorbilidad psiquiátrica y valores plasmáticos de 2-acilgliceroles en consumidores de alcohol en tratamiento ambulatorio. Análisis de las diferencias de género

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Higher Impulsivity As a Distinctive Trait of Severe Cocaine Addiction among Individuals Treated for Cocaine or Alcohol Use Disorders

Higher Impulsivity As a Distinctive Trait of Severe Cocaine Addiction among Individuals Treated for Cocaine or Alcohol Use Disorders

Dual Depression: A Sex Perspective

Decreased plasma concentrations of BDNF and IGF-1 in abstinent patients with alcohol use disorders

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