Compact efficient diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 Q-switched blue laser with intracavity frequency tripling

Research on all-solid-state blue lasers

“…440 nm blue laser is realized by frequency-tripling from the Nd 3+ laser generated 1.3 µm laser ( 4 F 3/2 → 4 I 13/2 ) [34][35][36]. It is relatively easy to obtain high power 1.3 µm laser for a larger stimulated emission cross-section at 1.3 µm in Nd 3+ ions.…”

High-power continuous-wave doubly resonant all-intracavity sum-frequency mixing deep blue laser at 447 nm

“…Another efficient way to obtain blue laser is based on summing frequency of the neodymium-doped laser operating at the 4 F 3/2 -4 I 13/2 transition. Unlike the three-level system of the 4 F 3/2 -4 I 9/2 transition, stimulated emission at the 4 F 3/2 -4 I 13/2 transition is a four-level system that can provide a low-threshold and stable laser output due to the lack of sensitive temperature dependence of the transition rate [7]. High-power blue laser has been achieved in this way.…”

Low‐wavelength emission of Nd‐doped lasers

“…Fundamental laser emission was achieved at 1319 nm and 1342 nm, respectively. Emissions at 440 nm and 447 nm were realized after two stages of nonlinear crystals [26,27]: the first one for frequency doubling and the second one for sum-frequency mixing. Even if a few hundred milliwatts have been produced in Q-switched operation, a blue power of only 3 mW is obtained in continuous wave at 440 nm [27].…”