Compact eight‐port MIMO/diversity antenna with band rejection characteristics

This article presents a quad-band multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The proposed antenna consists of four quarter-wavelength asymmetrical meandered radiators, microstrip feed lines, and modified ground planes. The antenna elements are arranged in a chiral pattern to improve isolation between them, with two radiators and two ground planes placed on the front side of the substrate and the other two on the back side. The MIMO antenna has an operating bandwidth (S11 ≤ −10 dB) of 1.76–1.84 GHz, 2.37–2.56 GHz, 3.23–3.68 GHz, and 5.34–5.84 GHz, covering GSM, WLAN, WiMAX, and 5G frequency bands. The isolation between the radiating elements is greater than 18 dB in the operating bands. The peak gain of the antenna is 3.6 dBi, and the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.04. Furthermore, the proposed antenna is validated for IoT-based smart home (SH) applications. The prototype MIMO antenna is integrated with a commercially available ZigBee device, and the measured values are found to be consistent with the expected results. The proposed MIMO antenna could be a good candidate for IoT systems/modules due to its low profile, compact size, lightweight, and easy integration with wireless communication devices.

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“…CCL describes the channel capacity loss caused by the correlation of radiators [ 40 ]. The CCL of the MIMO antenna must be <0.5 bits/Hz/s.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Performance Analysis of a Compact Planar MIMO Antenna for IoT Applications

Thiruvenkadam

Parthasarathy

Palaniswamy

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…where ψ R is correlation of the receiving antenna. The allowable limit for CCL is typically < 0.4 bps/Hz [34]. The designed MIMO antenna measured CCL is plotted in Fig.…”

Section: CCLmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of Dual Narrow Band MIMO (DNB-MIMO) Antenna for IoT Applications

Thiruvenkadam

Parthasarathy

2023

ACES Journal

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A compact DNB-MIMO antenna design and analysis for IoT application was proposed. The antennaradiator consists of 2 L-shaaped quarter-wavelengths and inverted 7-shaped radiators with a microstrip feed line, and partial ground plane with a size of 32 × 15 mm2. This antenna achieves a higher quality factor (Q > 10) and narrow band impedance matching at the central frequencies of 1.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz bands with approximately 8.2% and 6.2% bandwidth respectively. The suitability of the designed antenna for IoT applications is verified through the hosting device model. The proposed 4-port MIMO antenna has an overall size of 60 × 60 ×1.6 mm3, and it is printed on an FR4 substrate. The diversity add comma such as ECC, DG, TARC, MEG, and CCL, are calculated and there values are < 0.19, 9.85 dB, < -25 dB, < -6 dB, < 0.19 bits/Hz/s, respectively, within the limits. The proposed antenna is integrated with the Zigbee module (lowercase) to analyze the performance for IoT applications at 2.4 GHz

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“…The metallic vias are implemented via conductive pads, and the ground is to keep the usual port signals on a common reference plane [ 54 ]. In general, the above proposed four-element configuration follows the principles of the splitted ground technique, which is a unique way of attaining improved performances [ 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. However, the implementation of vias, in our case, resulted in a significant improvement in the impedance characteristics, which can be seen in the result analysis.…”

Section: Four-element Antenna Configuration: Design Study and Its Ana...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of a Miniaturized Four-Element Antenna Integrated with Dipole Elements and Meta-Couplers for 5G Applications

Mohanty

Behera

Nasimuddin

et al. 2022

Sensors

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A miniaturized four-element antenna of 20 mm × 20 mm with edge-to-edge distance of 4.9 mm between the array antennas operating from 4.6–8.6 GHz is investigated in this article. The antenna consists of 4 × integrated dipole driven elements, and complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) metacells are loaded on the both sides of each dipole arms. The loaded meta-couplers magnetically couple to dipole drivers, and the induced resonance effect improves the 10-dB impedance bandwidth (IBW) to 60.6%. To improvise the isolation between antenna elements, metallic vias are implemented that trap electromagnetic (EM)-surface waves to condense into the ground. So, the meta-couplers induce electromagnetic (EM)-propagation as surface wave trapments for radiation and decouple near-field condensed currents, acting as couplers/decouplers. The maximum isolation achieved is >−22.5 dB without any external decoupling network. The diversity parameters indicate good attributes in isotropic, indoor, and outdoor channel environments with an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) < 0.165 and realized gain of 5.5 dBi with average radiation efficiency of 80–90% in the desired operating bands. An equivalent circuit model using lumped components is designed for the proposed four-element antenna. For validation, a prototype antenna is fabricated and measured to be implemented in 5G applications, which shows good correlation with the full-wave simulated results.

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Compact eight‐port MIMO/diversity antenna with band rejection characteristics

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Design and Performance Analysis of a Compact Planar MIMO Antenna for IoT Applications

Design and Performance Analysis of a Compact Planar MIMO Antenna for IoT Applications

Design and Analysis of Dual Narrow Band MIMO (DNB-MIMO) Antenna for IoT Applications

Investigation of a Miniaturized Four-Element Antenna Integrated with Dipole Elements and Meta-Couplers for 5G Applications

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