Compact photoacoustic module for methane detection incorporating interband cascade light emitting device

Zheng, Hongfei; Lou, Ming; Dong, Lei; Wu, Hongpeng; Ye, Weilin; Yin, Xukun; Kim, Chul Soo; Kim, Mijin; Bewley, W. W.; Merritt, Charles D.; Canedy, C. L.; Warren, Michael V.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.; Tittel, Frank K.

doi:10.1364/oe.25.016761

Cited by 69 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…For some applications that do not need high power, a broadband incoherent mid-IR source with continuous, rather than abrupt, L-I response (i.e., no threshold) is preferred. These include certain spectroscopic techniques for chemical detection [169][170][171], particularly multi-point sensors that require low unit cost, and dynamic IR scene projection [172]. Although mid-IR LEDs have been investigated for several decades [173,174], the maximum continuous wave output powers for packaged commercial devices operating at room temperature are still ≤ 300 µW.…”

Section: Interband Cascade Ledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interband Cascade Laser

et al. 2020

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We review the history, development, design principles, experimental operating characteristics, and specialized architectures of interband cascade lasers for the mid-wave infrared spectral region. We discuss the present understanding of the mechanisms limiting the ICL performance and provide a perspective on the potential for future improvements. Such device properties as the threshold current and power densities, continuous-wave output power, and wall-plug efficiency are compared with those of the quantum cascade laser. Newer device classes such as ICL frequency combs, interband cascade vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers, interband cascade LEDs, interband cascade detectors, and integrated ICLs are reviewed for the first time.

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Section: Interband Cascade Ledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interband Cascade Laser

et al. 2020

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“…In order to improve the detection sensitivity and achieve the flow measurement, a variety of resonant PA cells with buffers were used. Zheng et al used a 22-stage mid-infrared interband cascade light emitting device (ICLED) with an optical power of ~700 μW to emit excitation light into a differential resonant PA cell to detect CH4 [21]. When the integral time was 1 s, the assembled system showed that the MDL was ~3.6 ppm.…”

Section: Design Of the Pa Microcavity Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Sensitive Photoacoustic Microcavity Gas Sensor for Leak Detection

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2020

Sensors

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A highly sensitive photoacoustic (PA) microcavity gas sensor for leak detection is proposed. The miniature and low-cost gas sensor mainly consisted of a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) microphone and a stainless-steel capillary with two small holes opened on the side wall. Different from traditional PA sensors, the designed low-power sensor had no gas valves and pumps. Gas could diffuse into the stainless-steel PA microcavity from two holes. The volume of the cavity in the sensor was only 7.9 μL. We use a 1650.96 nm distributed feedback (DFB) laser and the second-harmonic wavelength modulation spectroscopy (2f-WMS) method to measure PA signals. The measurement result of diffused methane (CH4) gas shows a response time of 5.8 s and a recovery time of 5.2 s. The detection limit was achieved at 1.7 ppm with a 1-s lock-in integral time. In addition, the calculated normalized noise equivalent absorption (NNEA) coefficient was 1.2 × 10−8 W·cm−1·Hz−1/2. The designed PA microcavity sensor can be used for the early warning of gas leakage.

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“…The differential photoacoustic cell was designed as shown in Fig. 3a, which resembles the well-known differential Helmholtz resonator (Starecki and Geras, 2014;Zeninari et al, 1999;Zheng et al, 2017). It has two identical 90 mm parallel tube-shaped channels with diameters of 8 mm as two acoustic resonators.…”

Section: Design Of the Cavity-enhanced Photoacoustic Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

Cavity-enhanced photoacoustic sensor based on a whispering-gallery-mode diode laser

Pan

et al. 2019

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. A cavity-enhanced photoacoustic (CEPA) sensor was developed based on an ultra-narrow linewidth whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) diode laser. A cavity-enhanced photoacoustic module (CEPAM) was designed to match the output beam from the WGM-diode laser, resulting in an increase in the excitation light power, which, in turn, significantly enhanced the photoacoustic signal amplitude. The results show that a signal gain factor of 166 was achieved, which is in excellent agreement with the power enhancement factor of 175 after considering the power transmissivity. The performance of the sensor was evaluated in terms of the detection sensitivity and linearity. A 1σ detection limit of 0.45 ppmV for C2H2 detection was obtained at atmospheric pressure with a 1 s averaging time.

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Compact photoacoustic module for methane detection incorporating interband cascade light emitting device

Cited by 69 publications

References 49 publications

The Interband Cascade Laser

The Interband Cascade Laser

Highly Sensitive Photoacoustic Microcavity Gas Sensor for Leak Detection

Cavity-enhanced photoacoustic sensor based on a whispering-gallery-mode diode laser

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