Compact tri‐band MIMO antenna based on quarter‐mode slotted substrate‐integrated‐waveguide cavity

Niu, Bing‐Jian; Tan, Jie-Hong

doi:10.1002/mmce.22101

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, the bandwidth obtained is less than the required minimum of 100 MHz for the 5G band, and the E-plane radiation pattern is tilted at θ = 20º from the broadside direction (θ = 0º). Using fraction-mode structures, one of [39] authors developed various SIW MIMO antennas [40][41][42][43][48][49][50][51][52] from 2019 to 2020. Except [49], which was developed using lossy FR4 substrate, the rest of the works are built on low loss F4B substrate.…”

Section: A Sub-6 Ghz Band Siw Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Challenges and Possible Solutions for 5G SIW MIMO and Phased Array Antennas: A Review

Ali

Wajid

Kumar³

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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With the increasing demand for high-speed data, rapid deployments of the 5G terrestrial heterogeneous wireless networks are expected worldwide in the next decade. In such networks, sub-6 GHz macro-cells overlapped by mmWave small-cells are being used to cater to densely populated regions. As a result, several challenges arise with the antenna design technologies used at the mobile terminal, access points, or backhaul/front haul levels. These challenges are being addressed using multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO), massive-MIMO, and phased array antenna technologies. In order to implement these antenna technologies, considering the expanding 5G scenario, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) offers a viable solution due to its low-cost, low-profile, high-power handling, low transmission loss, and ease of integration with the radio circuits; therefore, the SIW plays a vital role in developing the modern radio systems. The proposed study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of SIW MIMO and phased array antennas operating in the 5G sub-6 GHz and mmWave bands. It deliberates the specific issues related to the band of operations and challenges in designing different antenna structures. After careful investigation and detailed analysis, this paper identified existing research gaps and suggested possible antenna design solutions for prospective researchers who intend to explore further the aforementioned promising area and present future research directions.INDEX TERMS 5G New Radio (NR), millimeter-wave (mmWave), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), planar antennas, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), sub-6 GHz. I. INTRODUCTIONThere is rapid growth in the deployments of 5G heterogeneous wireless networks to cater to the increasing demands of high-speed data communication in the modern wireless system [1,2]. In such a scenario, the microwave and mmWave networks overlap (See Fig. 1) to serve the mobile units, access points, backhaul, and fronthaul wireless links, supported by MIMO, massive MIMO, and phased array antennas [1,2]. In order to realize these antennas, substrate integrated waveguide, a well-established planar technology, is a suitable choice [3]. A. MIMO ANTENNAThe multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is the key enabling technology for fourth-generation (4G), fifth-generation (5G), and beyond 5G (B5G) wireless communication systems. In 4G communication, MIMO primarily supports average download speeds for mobile users. Whereas, in 5G, the MIMO at the user equipment (UE) side and massive MIMO at the base station (BS) promise to deliver high data speeds for enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) access and enable a wide range of services, including internet of thing (IoT) and critical machine-to-machine communications [1].As per Shannon's channel capacity theorem, the direct way to enhance the date rate is by increasing the bandwidth and/or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) [4]; however, these are not under the control of the antenna designer and are fixed by the cellular operator. Therefore, multiple antenna...

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Section: A Sub-6 Ghz Band Siw Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Challenges and Possible Solutions for 5G SIW MIMO and Phased Array Antennas: A Review

Ali

Wajid

Kumar³

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These PDAs require a multi-port assistant for smarter connectivity, which is why multi-port antennas are introduced to proliferate its data connectivity in a compact wireless integrated portable system [19][20][21]. Thus, multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) proves to be the best solution [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. For portable handheld smarter devices, usually the dual/tri-port antenna systems are feasible [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics Mode Analysis: A Review of Its Concepts, Recent Trends, State-of-the-Art Developments and Its Interpretation With a Fractal Uwb Mimo Antenna

Mohanty¹,

Behera²

2021

PIER B

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In this article, we present a compact and efficient diametrically-fed dual port fractal UWB MIMO antenna for portable handheld wireless devices. The electromagnetic behaviour on conducting body is analyzed through classical approach based characteristics mode analysis (CMA). Their intrinsic characteristics are explored on the basis of (a) modal surface current distributions, (b) narrow/broad bandwidth capability, and (c) radiation potentials. Concurrent analysis is persuaded on a diametricallyfed dual-port fed fractal conducting surface, which provides interesting facets on the combinatory effect of electromagnetic performance and physical behaviour on metallic radiator, metallic ground planes (unconnected/connected) and combination of two aforementioned metallic compact geometries. Theoretical insights are investigated for essential/non-essential modes existing in proposed geometry. The investigation through CMA also gives plethoric information on the feed location of antenna on modal surface currents and similar trends to capture its radiation potentials on the current nulls existing in the physical body. A broad classification of modes is explained, covering the CMA modal dynamics such as (a) characteristics angle (CA), (b) eigenvalues (EV), and (c) modal significance (MS). These additive parameters in general reflect the resemblance of Q-factor ≈ B.W. for narrowband/wideband traits, electrically/magnetically coupled energy behaviour, and radiative potential for far-field propagation. Thus, in a nutshell , it can be concluded that 'CMA provides physically intuitive guidance for the analysis and designing of antenna structures'. To support the findings highlighted in this particular study, a concise review about the theory of characteristic modes and the practical examples that use such concepts are taken into consideration.

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“…This paper designs a compact tri-band MIMO antenna based on liquid crystal polymer (LCP), which can work in the 2.45/5.2 GHz bands of WLAN and the 3.5 GHz band of WiMAX [15][16][17][18][19][20]. The proposed MIMO antenna contains two symmetric antenna elements with two inverted-F branches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact Tri-Band Flexible Mimo Antenna Based on Liquid Crystal Polymer for Wearable Applications

Du¹,

Wang²,

Jin³

2021

PIER M

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In this paper, a compact tri-band flexible MIMO antenna based on liquid crystal polymer (LCP) is designed to operate in WLAN and WiMAX bands. The antenna consists of two identical antenna elements. The isolation structure includes a ground slot, two I-shaped branches, and a parasitic strip. The measured results show that the impedance bandwidth (S 11 < −10 dB) covers three frequency bands of 2.38-2.55 GHz, 3.37-3.60 GHz, and 4.92-5.37 GHz, and the S 21 of working bands is basically better than −19 dB. Moreover, the flexibility of the MIMO antenna is analyzed at different bent cases. The specific absorption ratio (SAR) values are obtained by simulating the model of antenna approaching human body. The simulated results show that the SAR value of the antenna meets the European Union (EU) standard. The proposed antenna demonstrates the characteristics of satisfactory radiation, high isolation, sound gain in working bands and flexibility, which has good application prospects in the wearable field.

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Compact tri‐band MIMO antenna based on quarter‐mode slotted substrate‐integrated‐waveguide cavity

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Design Challenges and Possible Solutions for 5G SIW MIMO and Phased Array Antennas: A Review

Design Challenges and Possible Solutions for 5G SIW MIMO and Phased Array Antennas: A Review

Characteristics Mode Analysis: A Review of Its Concepts, Recent Trends, State-of-the-Art Developments and Its Interpretation With a Fractal Uwb Mimo Antenna

A Compact Tri-Band Flexible Mimo Antenna Based on Liquid Crystal Polymer for Wearable Applications

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