Companions' perceptions regarding guidance on dressings in pediatric surgery

Abstract

Introduction: Pediatric surgery highlights the responsible-child binomial, experiencing the surgical periods together. In this sense, the surgical wound requires care that allows the evaluation of its progression, the presence of phlogistic signs, and instruments used in order to enable the integrality of the tissue. Thus, companions should be active participants in the promotion of techniques related to surgical incision, since home care is relevant in the quality of surgical evolution and response. Objective: To identify the perception of the companions of the children submitted to surgery regarding the orientations regarding the dressings. Methodology: This is a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study. In view of the opinion number 2,940,781 of the Research Ethics Committee, 102 semi-structured interviews were conducted addressing the perspectives of the companions regarding the perioperative period, one of the criteria being the perceptions of the companions regarding the orientations on dressings in the pediatric surgery ward of a University Hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The Excel program was used to store the collected information. Results: The data show the prevalence of instructions offered to the caregiver, based on demonstrations and guidance to the companions. Thus, the explanations are aligned with the procedures performed, obtaining a higher incidence of promoting surgical wound cleaning. In palatoplasty, it expresses the care of nutrition, oral health such as the use of soft bristles and the use of saline solution. There is the presence of the exchange of information between companion and professional, corroborated by the previous search in virtual media. Feelings such as fear in the dressing are also highlighted. The orientations culminated mostly in the care practices necessary for the protection of the surgical wound, not addressing the evaluation of phlogistic signs. Among those analyzed, 34.3% of the interviewees reported not having guidance. Conclusion: Nursing orientations strengthen the role of companions in the care of pediatric patients, expanding the bond between the binomial and demonstrating its importance in the evolution of referral. The reduced insertion of the companion interferes with the lack of knowledge and lack of habit to the technique. The study allows the evaluation of the experiences, contributing to the theoretical-practical alignment in the sectors.