Comparative Analysis of the Thermal Conductivity of Handmade and Mechanical Bricks Used in the Cultural Heritage

Abstract

During interventions to improve the energy efficiency of cultural heritage, it is common to use methodologies that are used for current buildings with different thermal behaviour. For this reason, research has been carried out on the thermal behaviour of old brick walls by carrying out thermal flow tests in the laboratory on brickwork specimens, in order to compare the behaviour of handmade bricks and mechanical bricks from more than a century ago, and to analyse the relationship between the values of thermal conductivity, humidity, density and porosity, as well as to compare these results with those obtained by applying the procedure of the EN-1745 standard. It was concluded that bricks behave thermally differently, depending on the manufacturing process: handmade or mechanical, in both types of brick it was found that the higher the moisture content and density were, the higher the brick’s thermal conductivity value. It has also been concluded that old bricks have thermal conductivity values different from those indicated in EN-1745 as a function of density, and that the ratio detected in these specimens in the dry state and in the wet state does not conform to the processes indicated in the standard. With regard to porosity, it is important to note that the greater the closed porosity, the lower the conductivity. It has been concluded that in order to intervene in cultural heritage buildings, it is necessary to carry out a specific study of the behaviour of the systems with which they were constructed.

Internalization of Magelang' Local Wisdom in STEM Learning: Analysis of Pottery Making as a Science Learning Resource

“…However, this process keeps the quality of the product produced. Research results show that in both types of handmade or mechanical pottery, it was found that the higher the water content and density, the higher the thermal conductivity value of the pottery (Cabeza-Prieto et al, 2022). The process of making the pottery above, from the preparation to the distribution process, can be analyzed using the following STEM elements.…”

Thermal conductivity of alumina-carbon composite brick and its related phase analysis in a dissected blast furnace

“…The device follows the principle that one end of the refractory is close to the constant temperature area of the heating furnace, the other end is close to the cooling system, and the refractory is sealed with thermal insulation material around the periphery, so as to ensure as much as possible that the heat transfer of the refractory is onedimensional radial heat transfer. When the measurement system reaches a steady state, the temperature values of each measurement point are obtained through the thermocouples, and the heat flow intensity of the system can be calculated combined with Fourier's law for onedimensional heat transfer, further the high-temperature thermal conductivity of the refractory is acquired correspondingly [22,23].…”

Comparative Analysis of Thermal Behavior in Different Seasons in Building Heritage: Case Study of the Royal Hospital of Granada

“…Some research dedicated to studying energy efficiency in historic buildings has focused on understanding how to reduce energy consumption without compromising comfort [33,34], determining the best HVAC system [35,36], or conducting simulations to identify the most optimal energy solution [37]. These studies have also carried out comparative studies of thermal comfort by quantifying and evaluating thermal sensations inside these buildings [38].…”