Comparative analysis of time and monetary opportunity costs of human-wildlife conflict in Amboseli and Mt. Kenya Ecosystems, Kenya

Manoa, David Owino; Mwaura, Francis; Thenya, Thuita; Mukhovi, Stellah

doi:10.1016/j.crsust.2021.100103

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The villagers bear a substantial labor cost in protecting their fields (Fairet, 2012;Walker, 2012). Considering the health impacts of this labor and the associated opportunity costs is crucial, as it results in the loss of alternative work opportunities and restricts their mobility (Barua et al, 2013;Mayberry et al, 2017;Manoa et al, 2021). The challenges related to diminishing psychosocial well-being are also significant.…”

Section: Social Changes Due To Elephant Crop-raidingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, cropraiding is prevented at the point of entry, and farmers are always forced to fear the crop-raiding risk. In order to evaluate the severity of animal damage, it is important to consider not only visible impacts of crop-raiding, but also "hidden impacts" (Barua et al, 2013;Mayberry et al, 2017;Manoa et al, 2021). Fairly evaluating the various types of costs incurred by local people, including physical and mental, direct and indirect costs, is crucial.…”

Section: Social Changes Due To Elephant Crop-raidingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human-elephant conflict in the African rainforest landscape: crop-raiding situations and damage mitigation strategies in rural Gabon

Matsuura,

Nomoto,

Terada

et al. 2024

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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While the conservation of forest elephants is a global concern, human-elephant conflict (HEC), especially crop-raiding by elephants, is a serious threat to both human livelihoods and conservation efforts. However, only a few studies have explored elephant crop-raiding and related damage mitigation strategies in Central Africa’s forest landscapes, which are characterized by low human and high animal densities and shifting cultivation practices. This study investigates HEC in rural Gabon, where human activities are limited, and local livelihoods are severely threatened by crop-raiding elephants. Through long-term ethnographic research and an in-depth analysis of damage mitigation practices by local people, the study unveils serious crop-raiding by elephants, leading to a significant change in the local lifestyle. Most households spend the majority of days in the field protecting crops, resulting in the village becoming almost empty. In addition to the physical burden of staying in poor living conditions, there is a considerable psychological burden for local people. Establishing effective elephant conservation systems requires understanding each local situation and evaluating the various costs to local people. To sustain livelihoods and address the challenge of HEC, it is crucial for local communities and various stakeholders to act collectively.

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Section: Social Changes Due To Elephant Crop-raidingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Social Changes Due To Elephant Crop-raidingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human-elephant conflict in the African rainforest landscape: crop-raiding situations and damage mitigation strategies in rural Gabon

Matsuura,

Nomoto,

Terada

et al. 2024

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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“…Conflicts in project work arising from such provisions require careful interpretation and management for smooth working and sustainability. Empowered community mobilizes resources and successfully manages conflicts arising from resource mobilization and utilization for sustainability of their projects (Manoa et al, 2020).…”

Section: International Journal Of Community Development and Managemen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conflicts in forest conservation projects are very costly because they disrupt progress towards achievement of project results and negatively affect the social fabric of the community (Manoa et al, 2020). In cases where community members conflict over scarce resources, they occasionally distort facts aimed at gaining privileged positions and become reluctant to accept less favorable outcomes.…”

Section: International Journal Of Community Development and Managemen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conflict-resolution empowerment: A panacea or pacifier for project sustainability

2024

IJCDMS

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Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which conflict-resolution empowerment influences sustainability of forest conservation projects Background: The study was undertaken in Taita-Taveta County in Kenya within Mbololo and Mwambirwa forest areas. It targeted 28,984 residents of the county. A sample size of 365 respondents was obtained using Yamane formula. Methodology: The research used cluster, systematic and purposive sampling techniques. Mixed methods of data collection and analysis were used Findings: Results showed that sustainability of forest conservation projects was not fully achieved. There was strong linear correlation between conflict resolution empowerment and sustainability of forest conservation projects (r=0.072). However, the regression model showed that the results were not statistically significant (F (1,351) = 1.812; p > 0.05) which informed rejection of the null hypothesis. Impact on Society: The research showed that empowerment in conflict resolution enhanced social fabric but did not result in sustainability of forest conservation projects. It helped society by informing decision makers not to invest in conflict resolution empowerment when seeking sustainability of projects. Resources were therefore saved which would get wasted in the absence of the study findings.

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“…However, human-elephant conflict (HEC) can undermine coexistence as a result of the direct and indirect adverse impacts to both humans (e.g. loss of income and earning potential, injuries and fatalities, food insecurity, increased exposure to disease and genderbased violence, Barua et al, 2013;Khumalo & Yung, 2015;Manoa et al, 2020;Mayberry et al, 2017;Nyumba et al, 2020;Salerno et al, 2020) and elephants (e.g. increased poaching and retaliatory killing, physiological stress that disrupts cognition and behaviour and lowers female reproductive success, disturbance to social structure, and loss of genes from large, reproductively-fit adults, Ahlering et al, 2011;Ball et al, 2022;Campbell-Staton et al, 2021;Chiyo et al, 2011;Compaore et al, 2020;Gobush et al, 2008;McComb et al, 2001;Shannon et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mixed‐methods assessment of human‐elephant conflict in the Western Okavango Panhandle, Botswana

et al. 2023

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Human‐wildlife conflict, where interactions have negative impacts on both people and animals, is complex with underlying drivers and broad ecological and social impacts. From individual incidents and perceptions, to contemporary patterns and long‐term trends, a range of information about human‐wildlife conflict can help understand and manage challenges. However, many studies focus on a single data type or spatiotemporal scale. In the Western Okavango Panhandle in Botswana, people in rural farming communities share and compete for resources with a growing African savanna elephant population. Few previous studies have focused on human‐wildlife interactions in this region. We assessed spatiotemporal trends in human‐elephant conflict using reported conflict incidents (2008–2016), surveys of individual perceptions of conflict encompassing the late 1990s–2016, and detailed field raid assessments from 2016. We found complementary patterns among the data types at different geographic and spatial scales. We found that the number of annual HEC incidents have increased over time, although not evenly across space, with increases primarily in the northern region of the Panhandle. Crop raiding presents both chronic and acute challenges for farmers, with the amount of damage incurred per incident largely dependent on the size of elephant group involved rather than factors within the farmers' control such as guarding or types of crops grown. Our results provide a characterization of contemporary conflict incidents and long‐term trends, despite scarce historical data. Combining the reporting and assessment data with surveyed local ecological knowledge offered a multidimensional understanding of human‐wildlife conflict for a region where this information was lacking. It is an important precursor to effective and collaborative conflict management and mitigation. When possible, this mixed‐methods approach may facilitate understanding for complex human‐wildlife interactions and support the diverse communities and stakeholders involved with conflict‐related challenges. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

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Comparative analysis of time and monetary opportunity costs of human-wildlife conflict in Amboseli and Mt. Kenya Ecosystems, Kenya

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Human-elephant conflict in the African rainforest landscape: crop-raiding situations and damage mitigation strategies in rural Gabon

Human-elephant conflict in the African rainforest landscape: crop-raiding situations and damage mitigation strategies in rural Gabon

Conflict-resolution empowerment: A panacea or pacifier for project sustainability

A mixed‐methods assessment of human‐elephant conflict in the Western Okavango Panhandle, Botswana

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