Comparative Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Assesments of Leaves of Desmostachya bipinnata L. Stapf, Hordeum vulgare L. and Drepanostachyum falcatum (Nees) Keng f.

Abstract

Nepal is rich in varieties of religious plants. The locally used religious plants also carry medicinal importance. Desmostachya bipinnata L. Stapf, Hordeum vulgare L. and Drepanostachyum falcatum (Nees) Keng f. are three plants belonging to the family Poaceae having religious significance in different practices of Hinduism. They were also used as traditional medicines by our ancestors but nowadays they are underutilized. In this research, our core objective was to validate the traditional assumption of use of these plants in medicinal purposes by carrying out the assessments like antimicrobial assessment, antioxidative assessment and phytochemical assessment. Methanolic extracts produced from leaves of all three plants were examined for antimicrobial activities through agar well diffusion method. The same extracts were also assessed for determining their antioxidative potentials with the use of DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay followed by qualitative phytochemical analysis and GCMS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy). Most promising antimicrobial activity was shown by Desmostachya bipinnata L. against Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus, Drepanostachyum falcatum (Nees) Keng f. against Salmonella typhimurium and Klebsiella pneumoniae and Hordeum vulgare L. against Salmonella typhmurium and Staphylococcus aureus. The antioxidant activity of the plant extracts were observed in descending order of Hordeum vulgare L.>Desmotachya bipinnata L. > Drepanostachyum falcatum (Nees) keng f. and phytochemical assessment of the extracts indicated the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, sterols, Triterpenes, Saponins, Flavonoids, Coumarins, Phlobatanin and reducing sugars. Through this project, we can clarify that the above mentioned plants have bioactive compounds which contributed for the presence of antimicrobial and antioxidative property in the plants.

Bioactivity evaluations of leaf extract fractions from young barley grass and correlation with their phytochemical profiles

“…The methanolic extracts of BG had lowest IC50 value and thus with the highest antioxidant activity followed by ethyl acetate and hexane. The IC50 value of methanolic extract was found to be 104.41 μg/ml which is similar to the IC50 found by the Nepal et al for 80% methanolic extract [33]. The differences of antioxidant activity between various extracts could be due to the difference in total amount of phenolics and flavonoids as phenolic and flavonoids are reported to have anti-oxidant activity [34] [35].…”

Phytochemical Screening, Free Radical Scavenging and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activities of Selected Medicinal Plants from Western Nepal

“…This plant has a religious importance in Nepal as it is frequently used in Hindu marriages and house warming rituals. It is also used as an effective soil stabilizer in farming [15]. Young shoots are cooked as vegetable, and the stems are used in making baskets, mats and as fodder [4].…”

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“…Gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis of a methanolic extract of leaves of D. bipinnata revealed the presence of 10 compounds. The major compound found were benzofuran 2,3-dihydro and octasiloxane 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13,15,15,hexacamethyl with the retention factor 8.9 and 19.7 and peak area 56 and 72, respectively as the major compound [5]. Methanolic extract of leaves of D. bipinnata revealed the presence of bioactive compound β-sitosterol-Dglucopyranoside [3].…”

“…The essential oil extracted by water distillation of aerial part of the plant possessed a good growth inhibition against Staphylococcus epidermidis (Table 3) [25]. The methanolic extract of leaf exhibited antimicrobial activity by inhibiting Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028 and S. aureus ATCC 259233 [5].…”

“…It is a rhizomatous perennial with 2-3 mm thick rhizomes and coarse, narrow, and tough leaves [4]. D. bipinnata has been found to be the source of vitamins, fiber, minerals, and nutrients for the therapy of different diseases [5]. This review paper has highlighted the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of D. bipinnata.…”