Comparative approach to the effect of changes in ecological factors on the physiology and essential oil composition of Rosmarinus officinalis L.

Abstract

The study of the effect of ecological factors on the physiology and composition of plants is quite significant. Algeria has different bioclimatic zones and ecosystems, leading to varied and specific plant physiology. Each region boasts great biodiversity, with a highly varied composition of metabolites, thus offering a wonderful natural library to discover and exploit. For this reason, our comparative approach aims to analyze existing studies on the essential oil composition of Rosmarinus officinalis in different regions of Algeria and confirm the ecological impact on the species' physiology. Determining the effect of ecological factors on plant physiology and, consequently, on the quantity and quality of metabolites (essential oils) is of practical interest not only to ecologists but also to botanists, chemists, biochemists, and other specialists. This synthetic approach has shown that Rosmarinus officinalis produces different yields of essential oils, as well as varying characteristics for the oils obtained. Therefore, quality and quantity fluctuate based on the ecological factors of the studied region.