Comparative assessment of the specificity of the brine shrimp and microtox assays to hepatotoxic (microcystin‐LR‐containing) cyanobacteria

Campbell, D. L.; Lawton, L. A.; Beattie, Kenneth A.; Codd, Geoffrey A.

doi:10.1002/tox.2530090109

Cited by 88 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The toxicity of the particles was assessed by means of the Artemia salina bioassay (Campbell et al, 1994;Metcalf et al, 2002). This bioassay was undertaken on nauplii of A. salina, obtained after exposing commercial Artemia cysts (Marinemix, Wimex.…”

Section: Toxicity Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity ofAphanizomenon ovalisporum(Cyanobacteria) in a Spanish water reservoir

Quesada¹,

Moreno²,

Carrasco³

et al. 2006

European Journal of Phycology

102

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The summer phytoplankton population in the Arcos reservoir (Spain), an oligotrophic/mesotrophic waterbody, was dominated by the cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon ovalisporum, accompanied by Planktothrix cf. agardhii and smaller proportions of other cyanobacterial species. The bloom remained for approximately 1 month in the summer of 2004. The Arcos reservoir had moderate conductivity, up to 1756 mS cm À1, and relatively high nutrient concentrations. Planktonic biomass collected during the bloom period was found to be toxic by the Artemia salina bioassay. Analytical procedures based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) indicated the absence of microcystins and anatoxin-a but clearly demonstrated the presence of cylindrospermopsin (CYN), suggesting that CYN from Aphanizomenon ovalisporum was the compound responsible for the toxicity in the bioassay. Measurements indicate that up to 9.4 mg CYN l À1 were present in the sestonic fraction. This is the first report of high concentrations of this cyanotoxin in European waters and the first known instance of a massive bloom of the cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon ovalisporum in Spain.

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Section: Toxicity Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity ofAphanizomenon ovalisporum(Cyanobacteria) in a Spanish water reservoir

Quesada¹,

Moreno²,

Carrasco³

et al. 2006

European Journal of Phycology

102

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“…For example, it has been used for the assessment of toxicity in remediated soil from a contaminated site with various pesticides and their major metabolites (19). The Microtox system has also been used to evaluate the effectiveness of toxicity reduction during wastewater treatment (63) and for initial screening of cyanobacteria blooms (7). Other potential uses of this system are within the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry to monitor discharges from offshore installations at source (62).…”

Section: The Microtox Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioluminescent bacteria: lux genes as environmental biosensors

Nunes-Halldorson¹,

Duran²

2003

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Bioluminescent bacteria are widespread in natural environments. Over the years, many researchers have been studying the physiology, biochemistry and genetic control of bacterial bioluminescence. These discoveries have revolutionized the area of Environmental Microbiology through the use of luminescent genes as biosensors for environmental studies. This paper will review the chronology of scientific discoveries on bacterial bioluminescence and the current applications of bioluminescence in environmental studies, with special emphasis on the Microtox toxicity bioassay. Also, the general ecological significance of bioluminescence will be addressed.

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“…Although the assay is rather inadequate regarding the elucidation of the mechanisms of action, it is very useful to assess the potential toxicity of strains. It was found that artemia nauplii mortality correlated well with concentrations of cyanobacterial toxins namely hepatotoxins ( Campbell et al, 1994) and neurotoxins ( Kiviranta et al, 1991). Regarding rotifers, the genus Brachionus has a cosmopolitan distribution and the species B. plicatillis is particularly common in brackish and marine environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity assessment of crude and partially purified extracts of marine Synechocystis and Synechococcus cyanobacterial strains in marine invertebrates

Martíns

Fernández

Beiras

et al. 2007

Toxicon

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Among the Cyanoprokaryota, the genera Synechocystis and Synechococcus have rarely been studied with respect to potential toxicity. This is particularly true with marine environments where studies about the toxicity of cyanobacteria are restricted to filamentous forms at the warmer temperate and tropical regions and also to filamentous forms at cold seas such as the Baltic Sea. In this study, we describe the effects of cyanobacterial strains of the Synechocystis and Synechococcus genera isolated from the marine coast of Portugal, on marine invertebrates. Crude and partially purified extracts at a concentration of 100 mg/ml of freeze-dried material of the marine strains were tested for acute toxicity in nauplii of the brine shrimp Artemia salina, in the rotifer Brachionus plicatillis and in embryos of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus and the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. The cyanobacterial extracts, especially the crude extract, had an impact on A. salina nauplii. No significant toxic effects were registered against the rotifer. A negative impact of all strains was recorded on the embryonic development of the sea urchin, with toxic effects resulting in an inhibition of embryogenesis or development of smaller larvae. To the mussel embryos, the effects of cyanobacterial extracts resulted in a complete inhibition of embryogenesis. The results of all assays indicate that Synechocystis and Synechococcus marine strains contained toxic compounds to marine invertebrates.

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Comparative assessment of the specificity of the brine shrimp and microtox assays to hepatotoxic (microcystin‐LR‐containing) cyanobacteria

Cited by 88 publications

References 28 publications

Toxicity ofAphanizomenon ovalisporum(Cyanobacteria) in a Spanish water reservoir

Toxicity ofAphanizomenon ovalisporum(Cyanobacteria) in a Spanish water reservoir

Bioluminescent bacteria: lux genes as environmental biosensors

Toxicity assessment of crude and partially purified extracts of marine Synechocystis and Synechococcus cyanobacterial strains in marine invertebrates

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