Comparative cyto- and genotoxicity assessment of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides in human peripheral white blood cells

Nagy, Károly; Tessema, Roba Argaw; Budnik, Lygia Therese; Ádám, Balázs

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2019.108851

Cited by 42 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Our data indicate that glyphosate alone could not considerably decrease the viability of HMWB cells up to 10,000 μM both after 4- and 20-h exposure regardless of metabolic activation, which is in line with our previous observations ( 44 ), and also with findings of Wozniak ( 30 ), but contradicts results of De Almeida's study, in which pure glyphosate induced a significant reduction in cell viability of whole blood from the concentration of 10 μg/mL (59.17 μM) as measured by the tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) assay ( 45 ). This discrepancy may be attributed to the different cell types used (isolated HMWB cells vs. whole blood culture), therefore the comparability of results is limited.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Micronucleus Formation Induced by Glyphosate and Glyphosate-Based Herbicides in Human Peripheral White Blood Cells

Nagy

Tessema

Szász

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Glyphosate is the most commonly used herbicide around the world, which led to its accumulation in the environment and consequent ubiquitous human exposure. Glyphosate is marketed in numerous glyphosate-based herbicide formulations (GBHs) that include co-formulants to enhance herbicidal effect of the active ingredient, but are declared as inert substances. However, these other ingredients can have biologic activity on their own and may interact with the glyphosate in synergistic toxicity. In this study, we focused to compare the cytogenetic effect of the active ingredient glyphosate and three marketed GBHs (Roundup Mega, Fozat 480, and Glyfos) by investigating cytotoxicity with fluorescent co-labeling and WST-1 cell viability assay as well as genotoxicity with cytokinesis block micronucleus assay in isolated human mononuclear white blood cells. Glyphosate had no notable cytotoxic activity over the tested concentration range (0–10,000 μM), whereas all the selected GBHs induced significant cell death from 1,000 μM regardless of metabolic activation (S9). Micronucleus (MN) formation induced by glyphosate and its formulations at sub-cytotoxic concentrations (0–100 μM) exhibited a diverse pattern. Glyphosate caused statistically significant increase of MN frequency at the highest concentration (100 μM) after 20-h exposure. Contrarily, Roundup Mega exerted a significant genotoxic effect at 100 μM both after 4- and 20-h exposures; moreover, Glyfos and Fozat 480 also resulted in a statistically significant increase of MN frequency from the concentration of 10 μM after 4-h and 20-h treatment, respectively. The presence of S9 had no effect on MN formation induced by either glyphosate or GBHs. The differences observed in the cytotoxic and genotoxic pattern between the active principle and formulations confirm the previous concept that the presence of co-formulants in the formulations or the interaction of them with the active ingredient is responsible for the increased toxicity of herbicide products, and draw attention to the fact that GBHs are still currently in use, the toxicity of which rivals that of POEA-containing formulations (e.g., Glyfos) already banned in Europe. Hence, it is advisable to subject them to further comprehensive toxicological screening to assess the true health risks of exposed individuals, and to reconsider their free availability to any users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Micronucleus Formation Induced by Glyphosate and Glyphosate-Based Herbicides in Human Peripheral White Blood Cells

Nagy

Tessema

Szász

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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“…Glyphosate for example is a broad spectrum post-emergent herbicide used in both agricultural and non-agricultural areas for weed control [78,79]. Within the investigations in this regard, Nagy et al [80] compared the cytotoxic and genotoxic potentials of the active ingredient glyphosate using mononuclear white blood cells that were treated with different concentrations of glyphosate and others with three glyphosate-based herbicides and found that glyphosate induces significant cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects [80].…”

Section: Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity as a Fundamental Response to Xenobiotics

León-Mejía¹,

Guevara²,

Moreno³

et al. 2021

Cytotoxicity - New Insights Into Toxic Assessment

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Cytotoxicity refers to the ability of a molecule or a compound to cause some type of cellular damage, of which some of the adverse effects that can occur include injuries to some structures or the fundamental processes involved in cell maintenance, such as survival, cell division, cell biochemistry, and the normal cell physiology. The potential for cytotoxicity is one of the first tests that must be performed to determine the effects of drugs, biomolecules, nanomaterials, medical devices, pesticides, heavy metals, and solvents, among others. This potential may be oriented in the mechanism under which it generates cell death, the dose, and the target cells that generate the response. The evaluation of the toxicologic and cytotoxic properties of the chemical substances through in vitro tests has become a competitive alternative to in vivo experimentation as a consequence of ethical considerations. Presently, there are numerous tests conducted to evaluate the cytotoxicity of a certain agent, the selection of which depends on the purpose of the study. In this sense, the present review provides a general overview of the different responses of a cell to xenobiotic agents and the different test that can be useful for evaluation of these responses.

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“…Nagy, Tessema, Budnik, and Ádám (2019) investigated human mononuclear white blood cells. This study compared the cyto‐ and genotoxic effects of glyphosate and herbicide formulations present in the cells of the blood.…”

Section: Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticides and herbicides

Choudri

Charabi

Al‐Nasiri

et al. 2020

Water Environment Research

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This paper highlights a review of scientific papers published in the year 2019 regarding pesticides and herbicides. The scientific review presented in this paper includes the presence and occurrence of pesticides and herbicides in the environment. The entire review divided into different sections, which are grouped into four main sections. Each of these sections provides studies conducted on toxicology, ecological risk assessment, strategies of treatment, policies, modeling, and guidelines regarding pesticides and herbicides management.

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Comparative cyto- and genotoxicity assessment of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides in human peripheral white blood cells

Cited by 42 publications

References 37 publications

Micronucleus Formation Induced by Glyphosate and Glyphosate-Based Herbicides in Human Peripheral White Blood Cells

Micronucleus Formation Induced by Glyphosate and Glyphosate-Based Herbicides in Human Peripheral White Blood Cells

Cytotoxicity as a Fundamental Response to Xenobiotics

Pesticides and herbicides

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