Comparative epigenetics in animal physiology: An emerging frontier

Navarro‐Martín, Laia; Martyniuk, Christopher J.; Mennigen, Jan A.

doi:10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100745

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 233 publications

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“…Studies that measure changes in methylation, transcription, and developmental plasticity, as well as incorporating single‐cell epigenomics and transcriptomics, will be well placed to identify the functional consequences of environmentally induced epigenetic change (Navarro‐Martín et al. 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Improving our understanding of genome-epigenome interactions, as well as the mechanisms by which epigenetic modifications influence development and physiology (Perez and Lehner 2019), remains a key challenge in determining whether such effects may play an adaptive role in rapid evolution. Studies that measure changes in methylation, transcription, and developmental plasticity, as well as incorporating single-cell epigenomics and transcriptomics, will be well placed to identify the functional consequences of environmentally induced epigenetic change (Navarro-Martín et al 2020).…”

Section: Phenotypic and Evolutionary Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2020 ), and their transmission depends on factors such as the mode of reproduction (Richards 2006 ) and the way that primordial germ cells (PGCs) are derived (Navarro‐Martín et al. 2020 ). Nonetheless, some epigenetic changes such as methylation persist after global epigenome reprogramming associated with PGC development (Kremsky and Corces 2020 ), and there appears to be a critical window during early development during which environmental perturbations may result in changes to the germline epigenome (Sheldon et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pollution induces epigenetic effects that are stably transmitted across multiple generations

et al. 2022

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It has been hypothesized that the effects of pollutants on phenotypes can be passed to subsequent generations through epigenetic inheritance, affecting populations long after the removal of a pollutant. But there is still little evidence that pollutants can induce persistent epigenetic effects in animals. Here, we show that low doses of commonly used pollutants induce genome‐wide differences in cytosine methylation in the freshwater crustacean Daphnia pulex. Uniclonal populations were either continually exposed to pollutants or switched to clean water, and methylation was compared to control populations that did not experience pollutant exposure. Although some direct changes to methylation were only present in the continually exposed populations, others were present in both the continually exposed and switched to clean water treatments, suggesting that these modifications had persisted for 7 months (>15 generations). We also identified modifications that were only present in the populations that had switched to clean water, indicating a long‐term legacy of pollutant exposure distinct from the persistent effects. Pollutant‐induced differential methylation tended to occur at sites that were highly methylated in controls. Modifications that were observed in both continually and switched treatments were highly methylated in controls and showed reduced methylation in the treatments. On the other hand, modifications found just in the switched treatment tended to have lower levels of methylation in the controls and showed increase methylation in the switched treatment. In a second experiment, we confirmed that sublethal doses of the same pollutants generate effects on life histories for at least three generations following the removal of the pollutant. Our results demonstrate that even low doses of pollutants can induce transgenerational epigenetic effects that are stably transmitted over many generations. Persistent effects are likely to influence phenotypic development, which could contribute to the rapid adaptation, or extinction, of populations confronted by anthropogenic stressors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phenotypic and Evolutionary Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Pollution induces epigenetic effects that are stably transmitted across multiple generations

et al. 2022

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“…The epigenome consists of the set of chemical modifications to the DNA and DNA-associated proteins in the cell, which alters gene expression, and is heritable through meiosis and/or mitosis. The modifications occur as a natural development process and tissue differentiation and can be altered in response to environmental exposures [40]. Epigenomics embraces chromatin modifications that directly influence chromatin conformation, such as DNA methylation and histone posttranslational modifications, as well as the activity of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) [41].…”

Section: Epigenomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…New advances in molecular epigenetics, including single-cell epigenomics and transcriptomics, and in the editing of epigenetic marks, ease the investigation of environmental and endogenous factor-dependent epigenetic mark dynamics in an integrative manner [40]. Thanks to experimental tools used for the gene-scale analysis of DNA methylation, such as genome-wide bisulfite sequencing, it is now possible to examine the effect of exposure to environmental toxic substances on stable DNA signals.…”

Section: Epigenomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on the Use of Toxicogenomics to Assess Environmental Risk

Portugal¹,

Mansilla²,

Piña³

2022

Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed)

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Environmental toxicogenomics aims to collect, analyze and interpret data on changes in gene expression and protein activity resulting from exposure to toxic substances using high-performance omics technologies. Molecular profiling methods such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics techniques, permit the simultaneous analysis of a multitude of gene variants in an organism exposed to toxic agents to search for genes prone to damage, detect patterns and mechanisms of toxicity, and identify specific gene expression profiles that can provide biomarkers of exposure and risk. Compared to previous approaches to measuring molecular changes caused by toxicants, toxicogenomic technologies can improve environmental risk assessment while reducing animal studies. We discuss the prospects and limitations of converting omic datasets into valuable information, focusing on assessing the risks of mixed toxic substances to the environment and human health.

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The Potential Role of Epigenetics in Aquaculture

Wang

Shen

2023

Epigenetics in Aquaculture

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Comparative epigenetics in animal physiology: An emerging frontier

Cited by 10 publications

References 233 publications

Pollution induces epigenetic effects that are stably transmitted across multiple generations

Pollution induces epigenetic effects that are stably transmitted across multiple generations

Perspectives on the Use of Toxicogenomics to Assess Environmental Risk

The Potential Role of Epigenetics in Aquaculture

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