Comparative evaluation of lignocellulolytic activities of filamentous cultures of monocentric and polycentric anaerobic fungi

Dagar, Sumit Singh; Kumar, Sanjay; Mudgil, Priti; Puniya, Anil Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.02.004

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Neocallimstix has been found as the dominant species in most ruminants, such as American bison, sheep [36,45], and llama [46]. Anaerobic rumen fungi have high cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities [25,47]. Cellulase production in our study is similar to the production of anaerobic rumen fungi grown on a range of soluble and insoluble substrates [23,48].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Larger amounts of glucose are advantageous for ethanol production . The mix of fibrolytic and proteolytic enzymes was observed in anaerobic rumen fungi such as Neocallimastix and Piromyces , which highlights rumen fungi as a promising source of feed additives . The purified enzymes cocktail also represents a promising alternative to save the enzymes cost of production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community structure and fibrolytic activities of anaerobic rumen fungi in dromedary camels

et al. 2018

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Anaerobic fungi colonize the rumen and degrade cellulose and hemicellulose, which enable them to be key players in the lignocellulose fermentation. Consequently, an expansion of knowledge about rumen fungi could increase animal productivity, utilization of lignified forages like alfalfa hay, and enhance fibrolytic enzymes production. Here, we used an Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) clone library to investigate the anaerobic rumen fungi in camel and to investigate their ability to produce cellulase and xylanase in vitro. Rumen fluid was collected from camels fed Egyptian clover (n = 14), and wheat straw (n = 7) and fecal samples were collected from camels fed wheat straw and concentrates (n = 5), or natural grazing plants (n = 10). Neocallimastix and Cyllamyces were the most abundant anaerobic fungi in all camel groups. An anaerobic rumen fungi media containing alfalfa hay as a carbon source was inoculated by rumen and fecal samples to assess the ability of anaerobic rumen fungi in camel gut to produce cellulase and xylanase. The anaerobic gut fungi in the camel is diverse and has cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities, fungal culture from rumen samples of camel fed wheat straw (R2) exhibited highest cellulase production. In addition, many of the sequences in the current study have no equivalent cultured representative, indicating a novel diversity within the camel gut.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community structure and fibrolytic activities of anaerobic rumen fungi in dromedary camels

et al. 2018

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“…Moreover, anaerobic fungi (Neocallimastigomycetes) play an important role in converting lignin-rich plant biomass into sugars in the rumen of animals [4,[41][42][43], representing a very promising enzyme resource to contribute to the conversion of plant biomass into biofuels, which indicates that the grazing ruminants in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau may have more potential ability to utilize the recalcitrant material. Furthermore, we found that more proportion of unidentified taxa existed in the yak than in the Tibetan sheep and Small Tail Han sheep, which indicates that yak have more novel taxa which could be explored in the future [44]. More studies based on the culture method should be performed to really identify the useful strain from unidentified Neocallimastigaceae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Characterization of Anaerobic Rumen Fungal Community Composition in Yak, Tibetan Sheep and Small Tail Han Sheep Grazing on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Guo

Wang

et al. 2020

Animals

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The anaerobic rumen fungal community play a critical role in fibrous material degradation. However, there is a lack of data describing the composition of anaerobic rumen fungal community of full grazing ruminants in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. For this reason, we employed the next-generation sequencing technique to elucidate the rumen fungal structure composition and evaluate the effects of host species on fungal communities. Community comparisons (Bray–Curtis index) between yak and Tibetan sheep revealed that the rumen fungal community was affected by host species (p < 0.05). The alpha diversity indices in the yak were significantly higher than in the Tibetan sheep and Small Tail Han sheep. Neocallimastigomycota was predominant regardless of host species. Within this phylum, unidentified genus of Neocallimastigaceae was the most dominant in all samples, followed by Piromyces and Orpinomyces. Moreover, the shared and unique OTUs in the rumen were identified and most of them belonged to the Orpinomyces. Co-occurrence network analysis identified that each animal species had their own keystone species and most of them were non-dominant flora. Our data indicate that host breeds override living environment as the key factor that determines fungal community in the rumen of grazing ruminants in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

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“…The highest avicelase (1.05 ± 0.19) and xylanase (88.33 ± 1.00) activities were obtained on rice straw, while highest CMCase (7.73 ± 0.31) and β-glucosidase (1.64 ± 0.08) activities were measured in wheat straw. When compared to the enzyme activities of Neocallimastix , Piromyces , Orpinomyces and Anaeromyces , grown on wheat straw ( Dagar et al 2018 ), the strain G1SC displayed poor β-glucosidase activities. The avicelase activities of strain G1SC were comparable to Orpinomyces and Anaeromyces , but lower than most strains of Neocallimastix and Piromyces .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cultures were scored based on their ability to grow luxuriantly (++) or slowly (+) within the stipulated incubation periods or following extended incubation up to 10 days. The avicelase, CMCase, xylanase and β-glucosidase activities of type strain were also determined following its growth on cellulose, xylan, wheat straw and rice straw for 5 d as per the method described previously ( Dagar et al 2018 ). The fermentation gases (H 2 , CO 2 ), volatile fatty acids (VFAs; acetate, propionate, butyrate etc.)…”

Section: Morphological Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liebetanzomyces polymorphus gen. et sp. nov., a new anaerobic fungus (Neocallimastigomycota) isolated from the rumen of a goat

Joshi¹,

Lanjekar²,

Dhakephalkar³

et al. 2018

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An extended incubation strategy to culture slow growing members of anaerobic fungi resulted in the isolation of a novel anaerobic fungus from the rumen of a goat after 15 days. The novel genus, represented by type strain G1SC, showed filamentous monocentric thallus development and produced uniflagellate zoospores, hence, showing morphological similarity to the genera Piromyces, Buwchfawromyces, Oontomyces and Pecoramyces. However, strain G1SC showed genetic similarity to the genus Anaeromyces, which, though produces uniflagellate zoospore, also exhibits polycentric thallus development. Moreover, unlike Anaeromyces, strain G1SC did not show hyphal constrictions, instead produced a branched, determinate and anucleate rhizoidal system. This fungus also displayed extensive sporangial variations, both exogenous and endogenous type of development, short and long sporangiophores and produced septate sporangia. G1SC utilised various complex and simple substrates, including rice straw and wheat straw and produced H2, CO2, formate, acetate, lactate, succinate and ethanol. Phylogenetic analysis, using internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and D1/D2 domain of large-subunit (LSU) rRNA locus, clearly showed a separate lineage for this strain, near Anaeromyces. The ITS1 based geographical distribution studies indicated detection of environmental sequences similar (93–96%) to this strain from cattle faeces. Based on morphological and molecular characterisation results of strain G1SC, we propose a novel anaerobic fungus Liebetanzomycespolymorphusgen. et sp. nov., in the phylum Neocallimastigomycota.

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Comparative evaluation of lignocellulolytic activities of filamentous cultures of monocentric and polycentric anaerobic fungi

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Community structure and fibrolytic activities of anaerobic rumen fungi in dromedary camels

Community structure and fibrolytic activities of anaerobic rumen fungi in dromedary camels

Characterization of Anaerobic Rumen Fungal Community Composition in Yak, Tibetan Sheep and Small Tail Han Sheep Grazing on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Liebetanzomyces polymorphus gen. et sp. nov., a new anaerobic fungus (Neocallimastigomycota) isolated from the rumen of a goat

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