Comparative evaluation of non-toxic and toxic varieties of Jatropha curcas for chemical composition, digestibility, protein degradability and toxic factors

Makkar, H.P.S.; Aderibigbe, A. O.; Becker, Klaus

doi:10.1016/s0308-8146(97)00183-0

Cited by 316 publications

(290 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The total phenols and total tannins values are similar to those reported by Makkar et al (1998), but the content of condensed tannins is different from those observed by the same authors, that evaluating toxic and nontoxic varieties of Jatropha curcas not found condensed tannins in both varieties. It is important noting that there are factors that affect the tannin concentration in plants, among which stand out climate, plant mineral nutrition and growth stage (Waterman and Mole, 1994).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Chivandi et al (2006), evaluating the effect of different methods of detoxification in the Jatropha curcas meal with 0.8 mg/g of phorbol esters, observed significant losses in pigs blood parameters. The phorbol esters mimic the Diacylglycerol (DAG) action, inactivating the protein kinase C, which regulates different pathways signal of translation and other metabolic activities by acting as co-carcinogen and causing cellular and biochemical effects in many different animal species (Goel et al, 2007) and studied extensively in different animal models like goats, sheep, mice, rats and fish when fed with phorbol estercontaining feeds (Adam and Magzoub, 1975;Makkar et al, 1998). The phorbol esters content depends on the oil residue present on pie or meal after the processing (Rakshit et al, 2008), which justifies the values obtained in this study, since this is a specific research and the oil was almost completely extracted to obtain the meal and this passed over by the detoxification process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional Evaluation and Effectiveness of Detoxified <i>Jatropha curcas</i> Kernel Meal in Finishing Pig Diets on Biogas and Methane Production from Slurry

Berenchtein

Abdalla²,

Righetto³

et al. 2016

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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The purpose of this work was to evaluate Phorbol Ester's (PE), Total Fenols (TF), Total Tannins (TT), Condensed Tannins (CT), Saponins Content (SPN), amino acids profiles and apparent digestibility of detoxicated Jatropha curcas meal in finishing pigs diets, as well as biogas and methane production by the manure from cross-bred pigs fed this meal. Apparent digestibility coefficients of Dry Matter (DM), Crude Energy (CE), Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Ether Extract (EE) were evaluated. Twenty crossbreed pigs with 70±1.95 kg initial weight were allotted in individual metabolic cages, according to body weight in a Complete Randomized Block Design with ten replications per treatment. On the last day of the adaptation phase of the digestibility experiment, the manure were collected and put it in bottles with hydraulic retention time of seven days for further evaluation of biogas and methane produced in liters and liters % of total solids. The content of PE, TF, TT, CT, SPN, were, respectively, 0.06 mg/g, 26.08 and 10.43 equivalent gram of tannic acid, 0.05 equivalent gram of leucocyanidin and 0.005%. The results of apparent digestibility coefficients were 83.80% (DM), 3.500 kcal/kg (CE), 13.45% (CP), 1.5% (CF) and 2.3% (EE). Regarding the generation of biogas and methane of manure from pigs fed detoxified Jatropha curcas meal, biogas production (1201.4, 1089.3 mL/g Total Solids) and methane (246.7 and 218.2 mL/g Total Solids) from manure weren't significantly different (p>0.05) between the treatments. So, concludes that detoxicated Jatropha curcas meal is a promising byproduct due its nutritional composition and metabolic response which may be used in finishing pig diets without affecting the generation of renewable energy.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Evaluation and Effectiveness of Detoxified <i>Jatropha curcas</i> Kernel Meal in Finishing Pig Diets on Biogas and Methane Production from Slurry

Berenchtein

Abdalla²,

Righetto³

et al. 2016

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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“…The carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were found to be highly susceptible to phorbol esters present in the seed meal of All data are on a dry-matter basis; source: Makkar et al (1998a).…”

Section: Plants Containing Multibioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of phytochemicals in some lesser-known plants and their effects and potential applications in livestock and aquaculture production systems

Makkar

Francis

Becker

2007

Animal

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378

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Livestock and aquaculture production is under political and social pressure, especially in the European Union (EU), to decrease pollution and environmental damage arising due to animal agriculture. The EU has banned the use of antibiotics and other chemicals, which have been shown to be effective in promoting growth and reducing environment pollutants because of the risk caused to humans by chemical residues in food and by antibiotic resistance being passed on to human pathogens. As a result of this, scientists have intensified efforts in exploiting plants, plant extracts or natural plant compounds as potential natural alternatives for enhancing the livestock productivity. This paper discusses work on the effects of various phytochemicals and plant secondary metabolites in ruminant and fish species. The focus is on (i) plants such as Ananas comosus (pine apple), Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) and Azadirachta indica (neem) containing anthelmintic compounds and for their use for controlling internal parasites; (ii) plants containing polyphenols and their applications for protecting proteins from degradation in the rumen, increasing efficiency of microbial protein synthesis in rumen and decreasing methane emission; for using as antioxidants, antibacterial and antihelmintic agents; and for changing meat colour and for increasing n-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid in meat; (iii) saponin-rich plants such as quillaja, yucca and Sapindus saponaria for increasing the efficiency of rumen fermentation, decreasing methane emission and enhancing growth; for producing desired nutritional attributes such as lowering of cholesterol in monogastric animals; for increasing growth of fish (common carp and Nile tilapia) and for changing male to female ratio in tilapia; and for use as molluscicidal agents; (iv) Moringa oleifera leaves as a source of plant growth factor(s), antioxidants, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and various glucosinolates and their degraded products for possible use as antibacterial, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and antipest agents; (v) Jatropha curcas toxic variety with high levels of various phytochemicals such as trypsin inhibitor, lectin, phytate and phorbol esters in seeds limiting the use of seed meal in fish and livestock diets; and the use of phorbol esters as bio-pesticidal agent; and (vi) lesser-known legumes such as Entada phaseoloides seeds containing high levels of trypsin inhibitor and saponins, Sesbania aculeate seeds rich in non-starch polysaccharides and Mucuna pruriens var. utilis seeds rich in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and their potential as fish feed; Cassia fistula seeds as a source of antioxidants; and the use of Canavalia ensiformis, C. gladiata and C. virosa seeds containing high levels of trypsin inhinitor, lectins and canavanine. The paper also presents some challenges and future areas of work in this field.

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“…Zootec., v.62, n.5, p.1255-1258, 2010 possibilidades de uso na alimentação animal. Entretanto, um dos principais inconvenientes da utilização de resíduos do pinhão-manso na alimentação animal é a presença de fatores antinutricionais (fitatos e inibidores de tripsina) e de princípios tóxicos (ésteres de forbol e curcina) (Gubitz et al, 1999;Makkar et al, 1998). No entanto, a torta de pinhão-manso, após detoxificada, pode ser também utilizada na alimentação animal.…”

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“…Makkar et al (1998), a baixa aceitação da planta como alimento seria devido à presença dos ésteres de forbol que estão presentes em elevadas quantidades nas variedades tóxicas de pinhão-manso. Os ésteres de forbol têm sido relacionados com alterações biológicas, como vômito, diarreia, tonturas, promoção de tumores, ativação plaquetária, aumento da mitogênese linfocítica e da resposta inflamatória, degranulação de neutrófilos, redução da fertilidade e reabsorção fetal (Goonasekera et al, 1995;Hass e Mittelbach, 2000).…”

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Inclusão de casca de pinhão-manso em dietas de ovinos: consumo voluntário e caracterização de quadro toxicológico

Araújo¹,

Brito²,

Neiva³

et al. 2010

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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O pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas) é uma planta da família das Euforbiáceas, como a mamona e a mandioca, a qual se destaca pelo seu potencial de produção de biodiesel. Nativa da América do Sul, é explorada com sucesso na América Central, Índia e África. A cultura é uma excelente opção para regiões carentes e tem se adaptado muito bem à região Norte do país. Produz cerca de duas toneladas de óleo por hectare, em terras de pouca fertilidade, arenosas, com climas desfavoráveis a várias culturas, necessitando, assim, de poucos cuidados. Devido às suas características, o pinhão-manso tem sido considerado como boa opção para sistemas de pequenas propriedades com mão de obra familiar (Haas e Mittelbach, 2000;Saturnino et al., 2005).Na substituição ao óleo diesel, o pinhão-manso destaca-se, uma vez que produz 83,9% do valor calorífico do óleo diesel. Além disso, a produção do biodiesel a partir do fruto do pinhão-manso gera como subprodutos a casca do fruto do pinhão-manso, a qual é utilizada como carvão vegetal, e a torta de pinhão-manso, ambos com

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Comparative evaluation of non-toxic and toxic varieties of Jatropha curcas for chemical composition, digestibility, protein degradability and toxic factors

Cited by 316 publications

References 21 publications

Nutritional Evaluation and Effectiveness of Detoxified <i>Jatropha curcas</i> Kernel Meal in Finishing Pig Diets on Biogas and Methane Production from Slurry

Nutritional Evaluation and Effectiveness of Detoxified <i>Jatropha curcas</i> Kernel Meal in Finishing Pig Diets on Biogas and Methane Production from Slurry

Bioactivity of phytochemicals in some lesser-known plants and their effects and potential applications in livestock and aquaculture production systems

Inclusão de casca de pinhão-manso em dietas de ovinos: consumo voluntário e caracterização de quadro toxicológico

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