Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of prosthodontic treatment using the original immediate denture design and traditional methods

Abstract

Abstract
 Background. Rehabilitation of patients with chronic non-correctable periodontal diseases, leading to multiple and complete loss of teeth, can be effectively carried out using the method of immediate denture.
 Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of various options for immediate denture and their effect on the rate of wound healing in patients with the formation of a complete absence of teeth due to surgical removal for chronic periodontitis.
 Material and methods. At the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry and Orthodontics of the Ryazan State Medical University conducted early prosthodontics treatment of 30 patients after multiple extractions of teeth. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the options for immediate denture: (I) original combined construction of acrylic, non-monomer and elastic polymers, (II) made of hot curing acrylic polymer, (III) from thermoplastic plastic.
 Results. In patients of groups I and III, postoperative rehabilitation was faster than in patients of group II. By day 21, inflammatory phenomena persisted only in group II, which was confirmed by the largest values ​​of wound sizes (8.31.1 mm) in comparison with groups I (5.11.9 mm) and III (6.32.4 mm) group. Complaints of pain during the use of prostheses were noted in half of the patients of groups II and III, in group I, slight discomfort persisted only in 3 patients. In group III, there was a deterioration in the stability of the prostheses by day 21 (5.91.4 points), which indicated a lower adaptability of thermoplastic prostheses to changes in the relief of the prosthetic bed than in combined construction (6.71.4 points), acrylic prostheses demonstrated the lowest adaptability (3.21 points).
 Conclusion. The principle of combining polymeric materials to create immediate denture can be the method of choice for prosthodontics treatment of patients with complete absence of teeth due to surgical removal for chronic periodontitis, since this category of patients is most sensitive to inflammatory complications in the postoperative period.