Comparative evaluation of the position of incisive canal and its proximity to the maxillary central incisor roots with different incisor inclinations – A CBCT study

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the incisive canal position and its proximity to maxillary central incisor roots at different incisor inclinations. Material and Methods: A 105 CBCT samples have been then divided into three groups on the basis of U1-SN and U1-NA when traced on lateral cephalogram into normal, proclined, and retroclined. Several linear measurements have been made in the axial plane at three different levels, that are palatal opening, mid-root level, and apex, in relation to the incisive canal. Angular measurements were also made in the sagittal plane. Results: A significant difference was found between the proximity of the maxillary right and left central incisor to the incisive canal in the proclined and retroclined group at the mid-root level and at the apex. There has been a major variation between the angles developed by the incisive canal to the palatal plane in all three groups. A significant correlation was also found between the angle formed by the incisive canal to the palatal plane and the tooth’s long axis to the palatal plane. Conclusion: The proclined group exhibits the shortest distance between the incisive canal and the incisors, implying the need for meticulous planning in Class II Division 1 and bimaxillary protrusion cases. This planning is crucial when aiming for extensive retraction and intrusion to prevent any contact with an incisive canal, thus reducing the root resorption risk.