Comparative FISH mapping on Z chromosomes of chicken and Japanese quail

Abstract

Using direct R-banding fluorescence in situ hybridization, we assigned five functional genes—growth hormone receptor (GHR), prolactin receptor (PRLR), spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), aldolase B (ALDOB), and muscle skeletal receptor tyrosine kinase (MUSK)—to the chicken Z chromosome. SYK and MUSK were newly localized to the chicken Z chromosome in this study. GHR and PRLR were situated close to each other on the short arm of the chicken Z chromosome, as are their counterparts on human chromosome 5. SYK, MUSK, and ALDOB, which have been mapped to human chromosome 9, were localized to the long arm of the chicken Z chromosome. Thus, the present results indicate the presence of conserved synteny between the chicken Z chromosome and human chromosomes 5 and 9. Using the same method, four of the genes (GHR, PRLR, ALDOB, and MUSK) were assigned to the Japanese quail Z chromosome. The locations of these four Z-linked genes were conserved between chicken and Japanese quail. The results support the notion that the avian Z chromosome and the mammalian X chromosome did not evolve from a common ancestral linkage group.

Conservation of avian Z chromosomes as revealed by comparative mapping of the Z-linked aldolase B gene

“…Hybridization of the same probe also exhibited specific and unambiguous FITC signals on the long arm of the Z chromosome of Japanese quail (Fig. 1b) which confirms the data obtained using the chicken cDNA probe (Suzuki et al, 1999). In order to obtain effective hybridization in pheasant and duck for the heterologous, chicken-derived probe, post-hybridization washing was conducted by lowering the stringency (washing in 2× SSC at 39°C).…”

Identification and characterization of single nucleotide polymorphisms in 12 chicken growth-correlated genes by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography

“…By BLAST analysis, the locations of all 12 genes in the chromosomes were made clear, which was consistent with the original mapping results of some genes [10,16,32,34,42].…”

Conserved synteny between the chicken Z sex chromosome and human chromosome 9 includes the male regulatory gene <i>DMRT1:</i> a comparative (re)view on avian sex determination

“…Although the structure of the Z chromosome varies considerably among avian species, its gene content has been evolutionarily conserved. Comparative gene mapping Ogawa et al, 1998;Suzuki et al, 1999) including DMRT1 and Zoo-FISH experiments (Ambady et al, 1997;Shetty et al, 1999) in primitive and higher birds suggested an extreme stability of the Z chromosome, which is reminiscent of the mammalian X chromosome. Despite the occurrence of evolutionary chromosome rearrangements, linkage groups on the ancestral Z did not break up and were not relocated on different autosomes.…”