Comparative Histoarchitectural and Biochemical Studies of the Hippocampus in Peroxisome Proliferative Activated Receptor Gamma Agonist Treated Insulin Resistant Rats

Abstract

Background: The currently prescribed anti-diabetic drugs have been clinically proven to develop resistance to reduce the elevated blood glucose level, reduce haemoglobin A1c (HbA1) concentration, possess insulin insensitivity issues as well as other pharmacokinetic disturbances.Aim: To evaluate the activity of peroxisome proliferative activated receptor (PPRA) gamma agonist; pioglitazone and fenofibrate treated insulin resistant rats.Materials and Methods: Apparently healthy male rats were intraperitoneally injected into diabetes with STZ (30 mg/kg b. w.) for five days and fed with diet rich in fat for 8 weeks. Pioglitazone (20 mg/kg b. w.) and fenofibrate (10 mg/kg b. w.) was administered by oral gavage to rats which are obese and resistant to insulin for 15 consecutive days. Over the last 7 days, blood collected intraperitoneally was used to test for glucose and insulin tolerance as well as gluconeogenesis. At the end of 15 days experimental treatment period, blood collected was used for biochemical assay whereas in the liver and skeletal muscle, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and insulin receptor substrate -1 (IRS-1) protein expression were assayed for using immune-histochemistry.Result: The low-dose STZ and HFD -induced obese rats showed significant (p<0.05) insulin resistance and obesity when compared with the control animals. Treatment of test group animals with 20 mg/kg b. w. of

The synergistic ameliorative activity of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐alpha and gamma agonists, fenofibrate and pioglitazone, on hippocampal neurodegeneration in a rat model of insulin resistance

“…HFD was produced at a reliable indigenous feed‐mill in Ilorin, Nigeria. The diet was composed of 5 kg of palm kernel cake, 5.5 kg of maize, 0.5 kg of wheat offal, 5.5 kg of groundnut cake, 0.5 kg of bone meal, 0.5 kg of fish meal, 0.025 kg of methionine, 0.025 kg of lysine, 0.0625 kg of industrial salt, 0.0625 kg of broiler premix, and 12.5 kg of toasted soya meal 45,46 …”