Comparative Histological Study on the Therapeutic Effect of Green Tea and Stem Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease Complicating Experimentally Induced Diabetes

Abstract

Background and ObjectivesAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder. Increasing evidence implicates diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor for AD. Green tea (GT) has several beneficial effects attributed to its anti-oxidant phenolic compounds. Adipose tissue is a rich source of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). This study was designed to evaluate and compare the possible therapeutic effect of green tea extract (GTE) and ADSCs on AD complicating induced DM in male rat.Methods31 adult male albino rats were divided into 5 groups. Group I (Control), Group II received GTE, 50 mg/kg daily orally for 4 weeks, Group III received a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ), 50 mg/kg, Group IV: received STZ followed by GTE and Group V: received STZ followed by human ADSCs (hADSCs) intravenously.ResultsMultiple acidophilic masses, deformed neurons, Congo red +ve masses and Caspase 3 +ve neurons were seen in group III, became few in group IV and occasional in group V. Multiple Prussian blue +ve cells were detected in group V. Some CD44 +ve cells were noticed in group III, became multiple in groups IV and V. The mean area of neurons exhibiting acidophilic cytoplasm, mean area of amyloid plaques and mean area % of Caspase 3 +ve cells indicated a significant increase in group III. The mean area % of CD44 +ve cells recorded a significant increase in group IV.ConclusionshADSCs exerted a more marked therapeutic effect on the neurodegenerative changes complicating DM and corresponding to AD.

Conditioned Medium Derived from Salidroside-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture Ameliorates Mouse Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cerebral Neuroinflammation- Histological and Immunohistochemical Study

“…In this study, features of neuronal degeneration and apoptosis detected in H&E stained sections of LPS group were reinforced by the increase in the mean area percent of caspase 3 immunohistochemistry and were in agreement with other research (21). It was reported that oxidative stress is a common mechanism contributing to neuronal damage and apoptosis in neuroinflammatory disorders (22).…”

The Effect of Thymoquinone, α7 Receptor Agonist and α7 Receptor Allosteric Modulator on the Cerebral Cortex in Experimentally Induced Alzheimer's Disease in Relation to MSCs Activation

“…The acidophilic masses with dark nuclei might represent apoptotic neuronal cells that fuse together and form masses. Pyramidal neurons in EP layer are the principal neurons that mediate many cognitive functions and they appear to be the main substrate for neurodegenerative changes in AD (12). Glial cells increase secondary to the inflammatory process and as an attempt for clearing the degenerated neurons, supported by Nazem et al (16).…”

“…This could be explained as an attempt of MSC for healing of neurodegeneration, being attracted by inflammatory mediators and products of damaged tissue. The inflammatory mediators and the changes in the microenviroment in AD result in mobilization and differentiation of MSC that can be tissue residents or recruited from the bone marrow (12). …”

“…CD44 Ab to detect the endogenous MSCs (12). 7 ml prediluted rabbit monoclonal 1ry Ab (IW-PA1021) (IHC World, Ellicott City, USA) stored at 2~8°C.…”

Comparative Histological Study on the Effect of Stem Cells, and Gene Modified Stem Cells in Experimentally-Induced Diabetes Type 1 Cardiomyopathy

“…Cardiac injury was confirmed as in group II. Four weeks following STZ injection, 0.5 ml of cultured and PKH26-labeled adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) [12] , obtained from one of the donor's group rats, were suspended in PBS and injected in the tail vein [13] . The injection was performed on two successive days with 24 hours interval [14] .…”