“…The behavior of the response variables was classified as increased (↑), decreased (↓) or unchanged (nil-). Within each response, variable-category studies were subdivided based on whether microbial treatments were successful (blues) or unsuccessful (oranges) at improving the net amount of heavy metals extracted (HM net ) per plant (Abou-Shanab et al 2006, Belimov et al 2004, Dell'Amico et al 2008, Gao et al 2010, He et al 2009, Jeong et al 2013, Khan and Lee 2013, Lampis et al 2015, Li et al 2007, Liu et al 2015, Ma et al 2011, Ma et al 2013, Malekzadeh et al 2012, Marques et al 2013, Płociniczak et al 2013, Prapagdee et al 2013, Rajkumar and Freitas 2008, Rajkumar et al 2013, Rani et al 2013, Sheng et al 2008, Sheng and Xia 2006, Wani and Khan 2013, Wani et al 2007, Whiting et al 2001, Yang et al 2012, Zaidi et al 2006, Zhang et al 2012. *Wherever possible, dry plant biomass was used.…”