Comparative microbiome analysis reveals the variation in microbial communities between ‘Kyoho’ grape and its bud mutant variety

Abstract

Microbes are an important part of the vineyard ecosystem, which significantly influence the quality of grapes. Previously, we identified a bud mutant variety (named ‘Fengzao’) from ‘Kyoho’ grapes. The variation of microbial communities in grape and its bud mutant variety has not been studied yet. So, in this study, with the samples of both ‘Fengzao’ and ‘Kyoho’, we conducted high-throughput microbiome sequencing and investigated their microbial communities in different tissues. Obvious differences were observed in the microbial communities between ‘Fengzao’ and ‘Kyoho’. The fruit and the stem are the tissues with relatively higher abundance of microbes, while the leaves contained less microbes. The fruit and the stem of ‘Kyoho’ and the stem of ‘Fengzao’ had relatively higher species diversity based on the alpha diversity analysis. Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Rhodobacteraceae had significantly high abundance in ‘Fengzao’. Firmicutes and Pseudomonas were highly abundant in the stems of ‘Kyoho’, and family of Spirochaetaceae, Anaplasmataceae, Chlorobiaceae, and Sphingomonadaceae, and genera of Spirochaeta, Sphingomonas, Chlorobaculum and Wolbachia were abundant in the fruits of ‘Kyoho’. These identified microbes are main components of the microbial communities, and could be important regulators of grapevine growth and development. This study revealed the differences in the microbial compositions between ‘Kyoho’ and its bud mutant, and these identified microbes will be significant resources for the future researches on the quality regulation and disease control of grapevines.

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Assyrtiko Grape Microbiota

“…The rhizosphere, phyllosphere, and mainly the grape berries are important habitats shaping the microbial terroir [ 9 ]. These intricate microbial communities encompass a diverse set of yeasts, filamentous fungi, and bacteria [ 10 ].…”

“…These intricate microbial communities encompass a diverse set of yeasts, filamentous fungi, and bacteria [ 10 ]. A number of these microorganisms play essential roles promoting plant growth, fruit yield, pathogen defense, crop health and survival [ 11 , 12 , 13 ] while others may negatively affect the health of the plant by causing serious diseases, which result in economic loss due to a decrease in the yield and/or quality [ 9 , 14 ]. For example, the most known diseases of vine plant and grapes, namely downy mildew, powdery mildew, and grey rot, are caused by the phytopathogenic taxa Plamospora viticola , Erysiphe necator, and Botrytis cinerea , respectively [ 15 ].…”