Comparative Modelling, Toxicological and Biochemical Studies of Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam Insecticides on the House Fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae)

Abstract

Neonicotinoid baits are recently replacing anticholinesterase baits for adult house fly (Musca domestica L.) control. Recently, imidacloprid (IMI) and thiamethoxam (THIA) are widely used for the control of this pest. In this study both compounds were docked to elucidate their interactions with acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP). The feeding technique was used to evaluate the toxicity of tested insecticides to adult house flies. Bioassay experiments showed that the THIA was more toxic to adult house flies than IMI with LC 50 values 7.27 and 21.08 ppm; respectively. The biochemical activities of acetylcholinesterase, ATPase, cytochrome P-450 and carboxylesterase were increased by insecticides treatment, while, the total protein content was reduced.

Insect Epigenetic Mechanisms Facing Anthropogenic-Derived Contamination, an Overview

“…However, novel formulations are continuously being produced. Neonicotinoid pesticides work by binding to the nicotine acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), thereby affecting the central nervous system of insects [ 118 , 190 , 191 ]. As acetylcholine receptors were proposed as less important for vertebrates than invertebrates, neonicotinoids as pesticides were promoted to be safer for non-target organisms (such as humans) [ 187 ].…”

Unraveling individual host–guest interactions in molecular recognition from first principles quantum mechanics: Insights into the nature of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist binding

“…Homopentameric acetylcholine binding proteins (AChBPs) found in snails (e.g., marine Lymnea stagnalis) resemble nAChRs' ligand binding domain, Figure 1(B) 25 . Based on available AChB 3D‐structures, numerous homology models of the binding sites in insect nAChRs were constructed 26–32 as sketched in Figure 1(C). The calculations in this work are based on an already existing model 24,33 of the active site of Myzus persicae nAChR.…”

Synthesis, SAR studies, and insecticidal activities of certain N-heterocycles derived from 3-((2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methylene)-5-phenylfuran-2(3H)-one against Culex pipiens L. larvae

“…Thus, tolerance or reduction in the sensitivity of the field strain of C. pipiens larvae might be due to past insecticide application conferring cross-resistance as well as natural variations. 44 The selection pressure of imidacloprid against Ae. aegypti larvae in the laboratory for several generations cause over-transcription of multiple genes encoding cuticle proteins, which reduce the penetration of the insecticide molecules through the insect cuticle.…”