Comparative occurrence and antibiogram of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli among post-weaned calves and lactating cows from smallholder dairy farms in a parallel animal husbandry area

Abstract

Background and Aim: Inappropriate overuse of antimicrobials might be associated with the spreading of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in animal-based food products. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli have been recognized as an emerging global problem in a One Health approach. This study aimed to assess the occurrence and antimicrobial-susceptible profiles of ESBL-producing E. coli among post-weaned calves and lactating cows in a parallel animal husbandry area. Materials and Methods: Seventy-two pool fecal samples were collected from 36 smallholder dairy farms registered in Ban Hong Dairy Cooperatives, Lamphun Province, Thailand. Pre-enriched fecal samples were cultured in MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime. The potential E. coli isolates were identified by not only biochemical tests but also polymerase chain reaction assay of the 16S rRNA gene. ESBL production was confirmed by the combination disk test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: The occurrence of ESBL-producing E. coli at the farm level was 80.56%. The different phenotypic antibiogram of ESBL-producing E. coli was observed among post-weaned calf and lactating cow specimens. The most frequent resistance patterns of ESBL-producing isolates from both groups were amoxicillin-ceftiofur-cephalexin-cephalothin-cloxacillin-streptomycin-oxytetracycline-sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. For the median zone diameter, enrofloxacin-resistant isolates with narrow zone diameter values from lactating cow specimens were particularly more than post-weaned calf specimens (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings revealed the dynamic changes in ESBL-producing E. coli from calves and lactating cows in Lamphun Province, posing the inevitability to prevent bacterial transmission and optimize antimicrobial therapy in dairy farming.

Invited Review: Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Pathogens Associated with Diarrhea and Pneumonia in Dairy Calves

“…Amoxycillin [32,[35][36][37][38][39][40] 0.79 (687/869; 0.30-1.00) [28,41] 0.00 (0/37; 0.00-0.00) Amoxicillin/ Clavulanic acid [19,36,38,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48]…”

Phenotypic Characterization and Antibiograms of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated at the Human-Animal-Environment Interface Using a One Health Approach Among Households in Wakiso District, Uganda

“…On the contrary, a study conducted in Thailand revealed a high degree of ESBL-EC resistance to gentamicin among cows even though the calves were susceptible to the same antibiotic. 38 The difference in the ESBL-EC sensitivity to gentamicin could be because of the routine use of aminoglycosides on cattle farms in Thailand thus creating selective pressure for the antibiotic. It is important to note that studies conducted on bacterial sensitivity to aminoglycosides within hospital settings have reported a slightly higher resistance.…”

Epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli at the human-animal-environment interface in a farming community of central Uganda

“…Indeed, there is a lot of undetected community carriage and transmission of ESBL-Ec at the human-animal-environment interface [ 14 ] even though there is inadequate local evidence for this. Such insufficient evidence deters the formulation of appropriate policies, strategies, and regulations to for the control of AMR [ 15 , 16 ].…”