Comparative potential of phenotypic, ISSR and SSR markers for characterization of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties from India

Abstract

The assessment of genetic diversity is a primary concern of plant breeders and germplasm curators for which morphological traits are internationally accepted descriptors but are often associated with limitations due to G x E interactions. Phenotypic, ISSR, and SSR markers were employed to determine the genetic diversity and relationships among 20 commercially cultivated sesame genotypes representing different geographical regions of India. A narrow range of genetic dissimilarity (0.01 -0.12) with mixed clustering was observed using morphological descriptors. A total 279 band positions with 57% polymorphism was amplified by ISSR primers, whereas 36 allelic positions with 73% polymorphism were produced by SSR primers with 100% reproducibility. The ISSR primers with high discrimination power were identified producing genotype-specific bands and distinguishing all the sesame genotypes used in this study. A poor correlation and lack of perfect congruence between phenotypes and marker-based analysis was indicated by the UPGMA dendrogram and PCA analysis. Our results suggest that SSR and ISSR markers provide a powerful tool for genotype identification and establishment of genetic relationships among sesame genotypes. We recommend the use of molecular markers for testing, required for obtaining intellectual property rights, and also for the analysis of genotypic diversity among sesame varieties.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Indigenous Sesame Genotypes

“…Each marker amplified 1 to 5 alleles with an average of 2.89 alleles per locus. The SSR markers in the present study showed a lower number of alleles than previous analysis of the diversity of sesame accessions conducted with SSR markers (Dixit et al, 2005;Gebremichaeland Parzies, 2011;Kumar and Sharma, 2011;Nweke et al, 2015;Pandey et al, 2015).…”

“…These 27 SSR primers produced 78 bands of which 49 were polymorphic (62.82%). The level of polymorphism obtained in this study (62.82%) was low compared with the previous study in which a high level of polymorphism was detected among Indian sesame genotypes were more than 73% (Kumar and Sharma, 2011). Each marker amplified 1 to 5 alleles with an average of 2.89 alleles per locus.…”

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INTER SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEATS AND SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEATS MARKERS: GENETIC ANALYSIS OF <i>DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA</i> POPULATIONS GROWING IN METAL CONTAMINATED REGIONS IN CANADA

“…Although several reports have highlighted a higher level of genetic variation generated with SSR primers compared to ISSR primers 2009;Kumar and Sharma, 2011;Hamza et al, 2013) the present study revealed that ISSR markers were useful in differentiating D. cespitosa populations growing in regions with different levels of heavy metals. The levels of polymorphic loci generated with ISSR and of observed heterozygosity obtained with SSR weremoderate to high.…”

“…As a result, microsatellites are considered as ideal markers for forensic identification, paternity analysis, gene mapping, plant breeding, conservation biology and population genetics (Buschiazzo and Gemmell, 2006;Gupta et al, 1996;Kumar and Sharma, 2011;Mehes et al, 2007;2009;Hamza et al, 2013;Peakall et al, 1998;Simpson et al, 2013).…”

“…For instance, studies on soybean (Akkaya et al, 1992), rice (Wu and Tanksley, 1993), Arabidopsis (Bell and Ecker, 1994), Elymus caninus (Sun et al, 1999), Pinus spp. (Mehes et al, 2009), Sesam umindicum L. (Kumar and Sharma, 2011) and Phoenix dactyliferaL. Hamza et al (2013) conclude that microsatellite loci are more polymorphic than previously attempted methods.…”