Comparative study by simulation betweentwo structures CdS/CZTS and ZnS/CZTS via SCAPS-1D software

Abstract

This comparative numerical simulation study investigates the electrical characteristics of two heterojunction thin-film solar cells based on Kësterites Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide. The study compared two solar cells with different structures, Zinc Oxide ZnO/Cadmium Sulfide CdS/Kësterites CZTS/Molybdenum Mo and Zinc Oxide ZnO/Zinc Sulfide ZnS/Kësterites CZTS/Molybdenum Mo, to determine which is more efficient in achieving maximum photovoltaic efficiency. The results showed that the ZnO/ZnS/CZTS/Mo solar cell is the better option, outperforming the CdS/CZTS/Mo solar cell in terms of short-circuit current density Jsc, open-circuit voltage Voc, form factor FF, and photovoltaic efficiency η. The study also investigated the effect of doping and layer thickness of CZTS and ZnS on photovoltaic parameters. The optimized ZnS/CZTS solar cell achieved an efficiency of 16.29% for ZnS and CZTS layer thicknesses of 0.02µm and 4μm, respectively, and doping concentrations of 1018 and 1016cm-3 , respectively. Overall, this study provides valuable insights for designing more efficient solar cells and optimizing their photovoltaic efficiency using Kësterites CZTS, CdS, and ZnS materials.