Comparative study of central composite and Box-Behnken design for the optimization of malachite green dye adsorption onto Sal seed activated char

Abstract

Aim : Methodology :Results : Interpretation :Malachite green dye is extensively used for coloring purpose, as therapeutic agent and as a biocide in the aquaculture industry. The presence of dye in the industrial effluents is an environmental concern, and therefore it's removal is inevitable. Sal seed activated char was utilised for the removal of dye from aqueous solution through adsorption process. The purpose of the present study was to examine and optimize the effect of adsorbent dose, pH and initial dye concentration on dye adsorption Central Composite Design (CCD) and Box-Behnken Design (BBD).Adsorbent was prepared by pyrolysing raw Sal seeds followed by chemical activation of resultant char using 85 % phosphoric acid. The characterization of activated char was done with SEM, FTIR and XRD. Batch adsorption studies were carried out at different pH, adsorbent doses and initial concentrations of malachite green dye. The experimental data were used as input in the Central Composite Design and Box-Behnken Design.The adsorption was found to be exothermic and spontaneous in the temperature range studied and followed pseudo second order kinetics. Freundlich isotherm was in good agreement with the experimental data. The percentage removal of malachite green dye increased with pH and adsorbent dose, whereas it decreased with the initial dye concentration. The optimum values obtained for the pH, adsorbate c o n c e n t r a t i o n , adsorbent dose and dye removal were -1

Canna indica-chitin-alginate composite beads for the treatment of textile dye effluent containing Rose Bengal dye

“…1C). An agglomeration of adsorbent particles occur when the concentration of adsorbent increases, further reducing the active sites available for adsorption (Singh et al, 2017). In a similar work reported by Maria et al (2016) and Lunhong et al (2011) alginate-cellulose composite beads and activated carbon/cobalt ferrite/alginate composite beads were used in different ratios for adsorption of dyes wherein an increase in the concentration of composite beads after reaching saturation point had negligible or no effect on the adsorption process.…”

Production of activated carbon from mango seed coat using chemical activation

“…Various materials are used to produce activated carbon, some of the most commonly used ones being agricultural wastes such as. Mango pit (Elizalde-Gonzalez and Henandez-Montoya, 2007), Mango seed (Moreno-Pirajan and Giraldo, 2012), Mango seed kernel (Pandharipade et al, 2012), Mango seed shell (Mise and Jagannath, 2013), Palm kernel shell (Abechi et al, 2013), Delonixregia plant litters (Daniel et al, 2015), Sal seeds (Sing et al, 2017) and Coconut shell (Regunton et al, 2017). There are two basic methods for producing activated carbon which include physical and chemical activations (Dubey et al, 2009).…”