Comparative Study of Hematological Parameters and Biomarkers of Immunity and Inflammation in Patients with Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis

Abstract

Background and Objectives: There are no studies regarding comparative analysis of hematological parameters in patients with psoriasis (PsO) and atopic dermatitis (AD), whereas studies examining serum biomarkers of immunity and inflammation in these entities are scarce and contradictory. We aimed to compare such parameters in patients with PsO and AD. Materials and Methods: Patients with PsO (n = 40) and AD (n = 40) were consecutively included in this cross-sectional study. Hematological parameters and biomarkers of immunity and inflammation (interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukine (IL)-22 and C-reactive protein (CRP)) were determined. Results: While the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was higher in the PsO group vs. the AD group (p < 0.05), there was no difference in the other examined parameters between groups. A higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was found in patients with AD > 50 years vs. patients with PsO of similar age (p < 0.05). Higher IL-22 levels were found in patients with AD < 50 years vs. patients with PsO of similar age (p < 0.05). Lower IL-22 levels were found in patients with AD > 50 years vs. patients with AD < 50 years (p < 0.05). Patients with PsO and with comorbidities had lower platelets (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), whereas lymphocytes, red cell distribution width-to-PLT ratio (RPR) and mean platelet volume/PLT ratio (MPR) were higher vs. PsO patients without comorbidities. Patients with AD and with comorbidities had lower PCT and PLR, whereas RPR was higher vs. AD patients without comorbidities. Conclusions: A higher pro-inflammatory state (i.e., higher NLR and IL-22) was found in AD vs. PsO in age-specific groups. A higher pro-inflammatory state (i.e., as reflected by platelet indexes) was found in both diseases with comorbidities.

Comparative Analysis of Redox Homeostasis Biomarkers in Patients with Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis

“…Additionally, higher CAT activity was shown in the younger AD group (<50 years) as compared with the younger PsO group (<50 years). These differences might be attributed to the influence of age on redox homeostasis, in addition to other effects of comorbidities, therapy, and smoking [9,21], but also support the assumption that the treatment for PsO and AD might be age-related [13].…”

“…The current study was derived from the recently conducted study that examined some inflammation and hematological biomarkers in patients with PsO and AD [13]. A total of 40 patients with PsO and 40 patients with AD were consecutively included in this cross-sectional study in a period between February and May 2023.…”

“…The inclusion criteria were the cases with a diagnosis of PsO or AD who accepted voluntarily to be included in the study, as described previously [13]. Patients who used biologic therapy, antioxidant supplements during the last three months, pregnant women, patients with malignancies, mental disorders, stroke, non-plaque types of PsO (i.e., pustular, erythrodermic, guttate), skin diseases, and autoimmune diseases other than PsO and AD were excluded from the examination.…”

Impact of Blood-Count-Derived Inflammatory Markers in Psoriatic Disease Progression

“…Various blood-count-derived inflammatory markers have gained interest in recent years due to their high availability. The most extensively studied, the neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), were described with skin diseases such as hidradenitis suppurativa [11,12], atopic dermatitis [13], or bullous pemphigoid [14], but also related to various cancers [15,16], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [17], and diabetes [18]. The aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), a potential biomarker of pulmonary fibrosis [19] and hypertension-induced cardiovascular mortality [20], has never been assessed until now in relationship with psoriasis severity.…”