Comparative study of illite clay and illite-based geopolymer products

Abstract

Abstract. Quaternary (Q-clay) clayey deposits are one of the dominating parts of mineral raw materials of the sedimentary cover at present area of Latvia. These clays can be characterised by illite content up to 75-80 %. Two ways for use of illite clays were studied: conventional and geopolymers method. Purpose of the second mentioned method was showing the influence of alkali (KOH) on the transformation of Q-clay/illite structure. Obtained products were investigated by IR-spectroscopy, DTA and XRD, pore size distribution was determined as well. Some ceramic properties and compressive strength were determined and compared. IRspectrum showed the effect of alkali on the transformation of Q-clay/illite structure in three main absorption bands: 3620-3415 cm -1 which is related to the vibrational modes of adsorbed water between SiO 4 and AlO 6 layers; new stronger absorption bands at 1635 cm -1 and 1435 cm -1 indicate on the appearance of vibrations in Q-KOH and are related to the K-O-Si bonds; the most essential changes are vibrations at 850 cm -1 showing the changes in the coordination number of Al from 6 to 4 for Q-KOH. Investigations of the bulk density in dependence on temperature showed the small increase of bulk density for Q-clay while -the relatively remarkable decrease for Q-clay/KOH. Mentioned values correlate with the compressive strength of Q-clay and Q-KOH products.

New application to remediate drinkable groundwater from excess of hardness ions by using sodalite bearing modified illite

“…In this section of FTIR spectra, interpretation was focused on the transmittance parameters to characterize the modification influence on raw Illite, Therefore, the transmittance is directly proportional with the porosity degree of the materials which the light passes through it, the transmittance may be regarded as a porosity index of the sample, this in agreement with the reported that by Sun et al (2005) the porosity material tends to have a high transmittance value. it is found that the transmittance light of the sample after alkaline modification increased than before the modification process as seen in peaks of band 3624 cm −1 and 3460 cm −1 , which are characterized for the founding of hydroxyl groups and also confirms the formation of Sodalite phase which has high porosity had to lead to increasing in transmittance, and these results were agreement with the mentioned obviously by Sperberga et al, (2011). The formation of the Na-O-Si bond frequency is a little bit lower in the SBMI matric than in untreated Illite signifies that changes have taken place in the bonding structure within individual tetrahedra.…”

Phase formation behaviour in alkali activation of clay mixtures

“…The alkali activation behaviour of individual clay minerals kaolinite (Liew et al, 2016), montmorillonite (Belviso et al, 2017;Seiffarth et al, 2013) and illite (Belviso et al, 2017;El Hafid and Hajjaji, 2015;Seiffarth et al, 2013;Sperberga et al, 2011) have previously been investigated. However, almost all previous studies on montmorillonite and illite have used their calcined state.…”

Investigation of ceramic brick rods with blackened materials inside

“…Clays are used also more than 7,000 years [2] to prepare building materials. In spite of the clay minerals are used by thousand years their study and examination are in the focus of research in several segments of science [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and industry [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] until today. In our days the brick and ceramic roof tiles industries are the largest user of the conventional brick clays [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”