Comparative study of substance P and neurokinin A in gingival crevicular fluid of healthy and painful carious permanent teeth

Heidari, Alireza; Shahrabi, Mehdi; Rokouei, Mehrak; Amirzargar, Aliakbar; Rahbar, Pegah

doi:10.4103/1735-3327.201140

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Several other studies suggest that SP/NK-1R has a definitive role in inflammatory processes. This was confirmed due to considerably higher SP/NK-1R expression in the inflamed pulp [ 21 , 22 ]. One study reported an 8-fold increase in levels of SP, and it was eminent in pulpal tissue clinically diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis versus that of clinically healthy pulp tissue [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…This was confirmed due to considerably higher SP/NK-1R expression in the inflamed pulp [ 21 , 22 ]. One study reported an 8-fold increase in levels of SP, and it was eminent in pulpal tissue clinically diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis versus that of clinically healthy pulp tissue [ 22 ]. Consequently, irreversible pulpitis is associated with momentous instigation of this peptidergic system but there is lack of sufficient data related to expression of NK-1R in human dental pulp during inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Enhanced Neurokinin‐1 Receptor Expression Is Associated with Human Dental Pulp Inflammation and Pain Severity

Mehboob

Hassan

Gilani

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Substance P (SP) is a peptide involved in many biological processes, including nociception and inflammation. SP has a high affinity for its receptor neurokinin-1 (NK-1R). SP/NK-1R complex plays a major role in the interactions going on during the onset of dental pain and inflammation. Objective. To identify the expression of NK-1R in healthy and inflamed human dental pulp, as well as to identify any association with severity of dental pain. Methods. This case-control study included ten irreversibly inflamed samples of dental pulp, which were extirpated from patients presenting with chief complaint of dental pain due to caries. Ten healthy pulps, extirpated from those teeth which were indicated for extraction due to orthodontic reasons, were used as the control group. Visual analog scale (VAS) and modified McGill Pain Questionnaire were used to assess the characteristic and severity of pain. Immunohistochemical study was performed using monoclonal antibodies against NK-1R. Results. The results showed that the NK-1R was expressed intensely in patients with higher pain score. The mean pain score in cases was 7.0 ± 2.0 . The healthy dental pulps had negative or mild NK-1R staining of +1 intensity. The NK-1R score in cases was 2.4 ± 0.516 and 0.2 ± 0.4216 in controls. There was significant difference in NK-1R score between both groups ( p value <0.05). There was a strong positive correlation between the pain score and NK-1R expression score. As the pain increased, the NK-1R expression score was also increased (0.95 ∗ ∗ , p value 0.000). Conclusions. NK-1R is overexpressed in inflamed dental pulp. SP/NK-1R modulation may provide a novel approach for the treatment of pulpal inflammation and pain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Enhanced Neurokinin‐1 Receptor Expression Is Associated with Human Dental Pulp Inflammation and Pain Severity

Mehboob

Hassan

Gilani

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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“…Heidari et al . [ 15 ] conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the levels of SP, and NKA in GCF of painful human teeth and compared the levels to healthy teeth. Children diagnosed with SIP ( n = 20) in the permanent first molar were screened through the strict inclusion and exclusion criteria and were to subjected to GCF sampling where a gamma-sterilized paper number 30 was used.…”

Section: R Esultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gingival crevicular fluid levels of neurokinin A and substance P in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abraham,

Singh,

Goyal

2023

JISPCD

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Aims and Objectives: The levels of neuropeptides neurokinin A (NKA) and substance P (SP) in the gingival crevicular fluid of patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) were evaluated using a comprehensive review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: The data bases of Pubmed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, Science Direct, Proquest and Cochrane library databases were thoroughly searched. The quality of the study was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Criteria. Twenty four studies were listed following a thorough search of full texts, abstracts, and removal of duplicates. Only two of these papers were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Since the results obtained were in mean and standard deviation, the levels of neuropeptides in the test and control groups were examined using the meta-analysis. Results: When compared with healthy teeth, NKA was not significantly elevated in GCF of individuals with SIP (P = 0.06; odd ratio = 1.34 [−0.05 to 2.74] at 95% confidence interval [CI]). Additionally, there was no evidence of an association between SP and SIP (P = 0.08; odds ratio = 0.84 [−0.10 to 1.77] at 95% CI). Conclusion: This systematic research demonstrated that in individuals with SIP, NKA, and SP are not substantially linked. However, the lack of study in this area makes it evident that additional research is needed, particularly in relation to pulpal disorders and NKA.

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“…NKA binds to NK1R, initiating an inflammatory process through the NF-kB signaling in macrophage/monocyte cells; whereas the neurological functions of NKA are primarily mediated by NK2R (84). (35,48). Although SP and NKA are also upregulated in GCF of teeth with periodontitis, the levels are reduced after periodontal treatment (85).…”

Section: Neurokinin Amentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mini Review: The Potential Biomarkers for Non-invasive Diagnosis of Pulpal Inflammation

et al. 2021

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For assessing the adequacy of vital pulp therapy for an inflamed pulp, the use of non-invasive diagnostic tools is necessary to avoid further damage to the teeth. Detection of biomarkers that are indicative of the inflammatory status in pulp can be a promising tool for this purpose. These biomarkers need to be reliably correlated with pulpal inflammation and to be easily detected without pulp exposure. This mini-review article aims to review biomarkers that are present in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in inflamed pulp conditions. Several studies have reported the availability of various biomarkers including cytokines, proteases, elastase, neuropeptides, and growth factors. Non-invasive pulpal diagnostic methods will be useful as well to determine reversibility, irreversibility, or necrosis of inflamed pulp. These types of molecular diagnoses via analyzing the proteome have revolutionized the medical field, and are one of the most promising empirical methodologies that a clinician can utilize for the proactive identification of pulpal disease.

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Comparative study of substance P and neurokinin A in gingival crevicular fluid of healthy and painful carious permanent teeth

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Enhanced Neurokinin‐1 Receptor Expression Is Associated with Human Dental Pulp Inflammation and Pain Severity

Enhanced Neurokinin‐1 Receptor Expression Is Associated with Human Dental Pulp Inflammation and Pain Severity

Gingival crevicular fluid levels of neurokinin A and substance P in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

A Mini Review: The Potential Biomarkers for Non-invasive Diagnosis of Pulpal Inflammation

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