Comparative Study of the Ability of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow, Periosteum, and Adipose Tissue in Treatment of Partial Growth Arrest in Rabbit

Abstract

This study evaluates the ability of MSCs isolated from different origins--bone marrow, periosteum, or fat--to treat partial growth arrest in immature (6-week-old) New Zealand White rabbits. Up to 50% of the medial half of the proximal physis of the tibia was excised in these New Zealand White rabbits. Three weeks later, the bony bridge was excised, and fibrin glue with and without MSCs were transferred into the physeal defect of different rabbits. Contralateral tibias, without undergoing operation, served as self-control. Four groups of rabbits were involved in the study. Each group was injected separately with bone marrow-derived MSCs (group I), periosteum-derived MSCs (group II), fat-derived MSCs (group III), and fibrin glue alone (control, group IV). The rabbits were killed 8 and 16 weeks postoperatively. Clinical, radiological, and histological analyses were subsequently performed. Similar proliferative rates for three MSCs were demonstrated on days 4, 7, and 11 of primary culture. However, MSCs derived from bone-marrow and periosteum appeared to be more homogeneous than that from fat. All MSCs demonstrated chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation potentials in vitro. The tibias in groups I and II showed significant correction of varus angulation at 16 weeks. However, the varus angulation in group III remained significantly obvious when compared with group I (p < 0.05). The length discrepancies between operated and normal tibiae in groups I, II, and III were significantly corrected compared with control (p < 0.01). In conclusion, bone-marrow and periosteum yielded more homogenous MSCs than fat, providing better correction of physeal arrest in rabbits. The source of MSCs itself could influence the success in the treatment of growth arrest.

Mesenchymal multipotency of adult human periosteal cells demonstrated by single‐cell lineage analysis

“…Nonetheless, the derivation of Pe-MSCs from circulating MSC populations would not exclude the possibility that by residing in the periosteum, MSCs could acquire distinctive biologic properties. Increasing evidence suggests that MSCs isolated from different tissues and organs have distinctive features in vitro and in vivo (22,(42)(43)(44)(45). The variability in the biologic properties of MSC populations is likely to affect the outcome of clinical applications.…”

RECENT RESEARCH ON THE GROWTH PLATE: Mechanisms for growth plate injury repair and potential cell-based therapies for regeneration

“…Chen et al (2003) observed that MSCs derived from the periosteum were able to completely correct bone angulation as well as regenerate the growth plate in a rabbit model (Chen et al 2003). Hui et al (2005) also reported some success in utilising MSCs to decrease limb length discrepancy in a rabbit model (Hui et al 2005). Similarly, Yoshida et al (2012) found less bone bridge formation and reduced limb length discrepancies following implantation of synovium-derived MSCs into a rabbit growth plate injury model (Yoshida et al 2012).…”

Nanotechnology and mesenchymal stem cells with chondrocytes in prevention of partial growth plate arrest in pigs

“…The study applied mesenchymal stem cells obtained from bone marrow (BMMC, BMMSCs), which has become the most frequent source of MSCs (ref. 17,18 ). MSCs from periosteum or fat tissue 18 tend to be less common.…”

“…17,18 ). MSCs from periosteum or fat tissue 18 tend to be less common. One of the main problems in all similar methods is the transfer of cells into tissue in vivo.…”