Comparative Study on Carbon Erosion of Nickel Alloys in the Presence of Organic Compounds under Various Reaction Conditions

Abstract

The processes of carbon erosion of nickel alloys during the catalytic pyrolysis of organic compounds with the formation of carbon nanofibers in a flow-through reactor as well as under reaction conditions in a close volume (Reactions under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature, RAPET) were studied. The efficiency of the ferromagnetic resonance method to monitor the appearance of catalytically active nickel particles in these processes has been shown. As found, the interaction of bulk Ni-Cr alloy with the reaction medium containing halogenated hydrocarbons (1,2-dichloroethane, 1-iodobutane, 1-bromobutane) results in the appearance of ferromagnetic particles of similar dimensions (~200–300 nm). In the cases of hexachlorobenzene and hexafluorobenzene, the presence of a hydrogen source (hexamethylbenzene) in the reaction mixture was shown to be highly required. The microdispersed samples of Ni-Cu and Ni-Mo alloys were prepared by mechanochemical alloying of powders and by reductive thermolysis of salts-precursors, accordingly. Their interaction with polymers (polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride) under RAPET conditions and with ethylene and 1,2-dichloroethane in a flow-through reactor are comparatively studied as well. According to microscopic data, the morphology of the formed carbon nanofibers is affected by the alloy composition and by the nature of the used organic substrate.

Editorial for Special Issue “Advanced Materials in Catalysis and Adsorption”

“…This Special Issue aims to cover the latest research on the design and development of advanced materials for adsorption and catalytic applications. The synthesis of various carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), including carbon nanofibers (CNFs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene-like materials, and carriers (Sibunit), is of particular interest [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The functionalization of CNMs with heteroatoms (i.e., nitrogen [ 1 , 6 , 7 , 8 ] and boron [ 3 ]) is an effective method for boosting the applicability of carbon nanomaterials as catalytic substrates.…”

“…Advanced catalytic materials have been developed for diverse types of heterogeneous catalytic reactions, such as the hydrodechlorination of chloroaromatics [ 1 ]; the dehalogenation of halogenated hydrocarbons [ 2 ]; dechlorination via catalytic pyrolysis [ 1 , 2 , 4 ]; the catalytic coupling of CH 4 [ 14 ]; the catalytic processing of hydrocarbons and their mixtures into synthesis gas [ 10 , 11 ] or CNT and CNF materials [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 8 ]; the oxidation of carbon monoxide [ 13 ]; the hydrogenation of organic compounds [ 7 ]; and selective oxidation [ 9 ]. Such advanced materials can be also used for electrocatalytic applications involving the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) [ 12 ] and the electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 RR) [ 15 ].…”

“…Such advanced materials can be also used for electrocatalytic applications involving the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) [ 12 ] and the electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 RR) [ 15 ]. Researchers’ attention has been especially drawn to environmental protection, where advanced materials and adsorbents are highly demanded for the processing of waste components [ 1 , 16 , 17 , 18 ] and pharmaceuticals [ 17 ], the (photo)degradation of dyes [ 16 , 18 ], the catalytic decomposition of chlorinated hydrocarbons [ 1 , 2 , 4 ], wastewater treatment [ 1 , 18 ], and the abatement of CO-containing gases [ 13 ].…”

“…The carbon erosion or metal dusting (MD) of bulk Ni-M and Co-M alloys can be used to produce carbon nanofibers and CNF-based composites [ 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The carbon erosion of nickel alloys during the catalytic pyrolysis of organic compounds with the formation of carbon nanofibers in a flow-through reactor and under reaction conditions in a close volume (Reactions under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature (RAPET)) has been extensively studied in [ 2 ]. The efficiency of using the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) method to monitor the appearance of catalytically active nickel was demonstrated.…”